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• 方法与技术 • 上一篇    

生态脆弱区多尺度景观生态风险评价——以陕西省米脂县高渠乡为例

马胜,梁小英*,刘迪,段宁,陈海   

  1. (西北大学城市与环境学院, 西安 710127)
  • 出版日期:2018-10-10 发布日期:2018-10-10

Multiscale landscape ecological risk assessment in ecologically fragile regions: A case study in Gaoqu Town in Mizhi County, Shaanxi Province.

MA Sheng, LIANG Xiao-ying*, LIU Di, DUAN Ning, CHEN Hai   

  1. (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China).
  • Online:2018-10-10 Published:2018-10-10

摘要: 作为景观生态学的核心概念之一,多尺度综合分析已经成为景观生态风险评价过程的重要环节。本文以陕西省米脂县高渠乡为例,选择8个景观格局指数,分析其在30、60、90、120、150和180 m空间粒度下的变化趋势;选取景观破碎度Ci、景观分离度Ni、景观分维数Fi等3个指标构建景观生态风险指数,计算样方、行政区、生态3种尺度下的景观生态风险指数,利用地统计方法完成景观生态风险空间分布制图;对3种尺度景观生态风险分布结果进行叠加分析,在此基础上选择最适宜尺度并使用典型村域进行验证。结果表明:本研究最适宜的空间粒度大小为120 m;样方尺度下,景观生态风险空间分布的精度随样方边界的增大而降低;不同尺度下景观生态风险分布结果差异较大,样方尺度与生态尺度叠加分析结果中重叠区域面积占比最大,为32.14%;通过典型村域验证并结合实地考察,生态尺度下的景观生态风险分布结果与研究区实际状况较为吻合,由此确定使用生态尺度进行景观生态风险评价可有效表征研究区景观生态风险的空间分异。

关键词: 气候因子, 千金榆, 潜在分布区, 气候变化, MaxEnt

Abstract: As one of the core concepts in landscape ecology, the multiscale synthesis is an essential part in landscape ecological risk assessment. In this study, we analyzed the effects of landscape pattern at different spatial grains of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 m in Gaoqu Town of Mizhi County, Shaanxi Province, with eight landscape pattern indices. We established a landscape ecological risk assessment model based on landscape pattern. Landscape ecological risk indices at quadrat scale, administrative scale and ecological scale were calculated and spatially interpolated. The most suitable scale was selected base on the overlay analysis of the landscape ecological risk distribution results. A typical village was used to verify the results. Our results showed that 120 m was the most suitable spatial grain. The accuracy of landscape ecological risk spatial distribution at quadrat scale decreased with the increases of spatial grain. The results of landscape ecological risk distribution varied greatly across different scales. The overlapping area between the quadrat scale and ecological scale was the largest, accounting for 32.14% of the total. Landscape ecological risk distribution at the ecological scale matched the actual situation of study area. Therefore, ecological scale would be the most suitable scale for analyzing the landscape ecological risk in this area.

Key words: climate change, climatic factor, MaxEnt, Carpinus cordata, potential distribution