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深港红树林沉积物微生物群落多样性及其与重金属的关系

丁苏丽1,张祁炅1,董俊2,陈总威2,陈思1*   

  1. (1深圳大学生命与海洋科学学院, 深圳大学海洋生物资源与生态环境重点实验室, 深圳大学海藻生物技术工程实验室, 广东深圳 518000;2深圳市朗诚科技股份有限公司, 广东深圳 518000)
  • 出版日期:2018-10-10 发布日期:2018-10-10

Microbial community structure and its relationship to heavy metals in Shenzhen and Hong Kong mangrove sediments.

DING Su-li1, ZHANG Qi-jiong1, DONG Jun2, CHEN Zong-wei2, CHEN Si1*   

  1. (1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China; 2 Shenzhen Lightsun Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China).
  • Online:2018-10-10 Published:2018-10-10

摘要: 为了探究重金属对红树林表层沉积物和根系沉积物微生物群落多样性的影响,于深圳福田红树林自然保护区、深圳湾红树林公园、坝光红树林以及香港米埔自然保护区采集了表层沉积物与根系沉积物样品,测定了沉积物中5种重金属(Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb)的含量,并采用污染负荷指数法(PLI)对重金属污染情况进行了评价。同时,利用Illumina HiSeq二代高通量测序技术对沉积物细菌的16S rDNA V4可变区进行测序,并进行OTUs注释分类、聚类分析、α多样性分析(Shannon指数)与Spearman相关性分析。结果表明:不同红树林之间的沉积物重金属含量差异显著(P<0.05),米埔自然保护区潮滩区和红树林区的沉积物重金属区域污染负荷指数最高,分别为1.51和1.38,其次是深圳福田红树林自然保护区、深圳湾红树林公园和坝光红树林,区域污染负荷指数分别为0.45、0.31和0.21;表层沉积物和根系沉积物样品的主要优势菌,在门水平上为变形杆菌(Proteobackteria)、绿弯菌(Chloroflexi)、放线菌(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌(Firmicutes)等,在纲水平上为γ变形杆菌(Gammaproteobacteria)、α变形杆菌(Alphaproteobacteria)、δ变形杆菌(Deltaproteobacteria)、厌氧绳菌(Anaerolineae)、β变形杆菌(Betaproteobacteria)等;尽管微生物多样性分析结果显示沉积物微生物群落多样性与重金属污染无显著相关性(P>0.05),但Spearman相关性分析结果表明重金属可能对某些门或纲(如BRC1门、ε变形杆菌纲)的群落多样性产生显著影响(P<0.05)。

关键词: 产量间作优势, 光合特性, PSII光化学活性, 芝麻与花生间作, PSI光化学活性

Abstract: To explore the effects of heavy metals to microbial community structures of mangrove sediment, surface and rhizosphere sediment samples were collected from Futian National Reserve, Shenzhen Bay Mangrove Park, Baguang Mangrove Reserve, and Mai Po Reserve. The contents of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were analyzed, with the pollution levels of which being evaluated by Pollution Load Index (PLI). Microbial assemblages were profiled using 16S rRNA highthroughput sequencing and OTUs data were analyzed using cluster analysis, α diversity analysis (Shannon Index), and Spearman correlation analysis. There were significant differences in heavy metal contents among different sampling sites. Mai Po Reserve had the most severe pollution of heavy metals, with PLI of 1.51 in mud flat and 1.38 in mangrove forest. The other three sampling sites were less polluted, with PLI of 0.45 in Futian Reserve, 0.31 in Shenzhen Bay Mangrove Park, and 0.21 in Baguang Reserve. The four sites had no significant differences in microbial community structure, with predominance of Proteobackteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes at phylum level, as well as Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Anaerolineae, Betaproteobacteria at class level. Multivariate analyses revealed that there were no statistically significant correlations between metal pollutions and microbial community structure across different sites. Results from Spearman correlation analyses indicated that heavy metal contents influenced the within habitat diversity of some phylum and class such as phylum BRC1 and class Epsilonproteobacteria.

Key words: photosynthetic characteristic, PSⅡ photochemical activity, sesame/peanut intercropping, intercropping advantage on yield, PSⅠ photochemical activity