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模拟硫沉降对华北落叶松人工林土壤有机碳组分的影响

李斌1,程小琴1*,元晋芳2,王泺鑫1,韩海荣1,康峰峰1,桂志宏2#br#   

  1. 1北京林业大学林学院, 北京 100083;2山西省太岳山国有林管理局, 山西沁源 046505)
  • 出版日期:2018-01-10 发布日期:2018-01-10

Effects of simulated sulfur deposition on soil organic carbon fractions inLarix principis ruppechtii plantation in North China.

LI Bin1, CHENG Xiao-qin1*, YANG Jin-fang2, WANG Luo-xin1, HAN Hai-rong1, KANG Feng-feng1, GUI Zhi-hong2#br#   

  1. (1College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; 2Haodifang Forestry Station, Forestry Administration of Shanxi Taiyue Mountain, Qinyuan 046505, Shanxi, China).
  • Online:2018-01-10 Published:2018-01-10

摘要: 深入研究硫沉降对森林土壤有机碳库影响,可以为正确评估森林生态系统碳循环过程及其对全球气候变化的响应提供依据。在山西太岳山34年生华北落叶松人工林设置人工模拟硫沉降实验,采用物理分组的方法,研究施硫水平(0、50、100、150 kg S·hm-2·a-1)对土壤粗颗粒有机碳(CPOC, >250  μm)、细颗粒有机碳(FPOC, 53~250  μm)和矿质结合态有机碳(MOC, <53  μm)含量的影响,并运用通径分析探讨了土壤有机碳组分与土壤环境因子的关系。结果表明:华北落叶松人工林土壤表层(0~10 cm)POC、MOC和POC/MOC值均高于亚表层(10~20 cm);土壤POC和MOC随月份变化显著,8月土壤POC和MOC均显著低于6月和10月;对照处理6月表层土壤的POC/MOC值低于8月和10月,亚表层则相反;施硫显著改变了土壤MOC,但并未显著改变土壤POC;低硫和中硫水平表层土壤MOC较对照处理显著减少,高硫水平亚表层土壤MOC较对照处理显著增加(P<0.01);土壤CPOC、FPOC和MOC与土壤温度、湿度、pH值有极显著负相关关系。通径分析表明,温度对3种土壤有机碳含量直接作用最大,而湿度对土壤POC并没有直接作用。试验结果表明,短期施硫降低了华北落叶松人工林土壤有机碳稳定性,后期在对硫沉降影响研究中应多加考虑温度这一重要因子的作用。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 土壤含水量, 土壤物理特性, 玉米产量, 深松

Abstract: Determining the effects of atmospheric sulfur (S) deposition on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics can provide useful information for understanding the process of carbon cycling of forest ecosystem and its response to global change. Therefore, a simulated S deposition experiment was conducted in a 34-year-oldLarix principis rupprechtii plantation at the Taiyue Mountain of Shanxi Province in 2015. Sulfur deposition treatments included control (CK, 0 kg S·hm-2·a-1), low S (LS, 50 kg S·hm-2·a-1), medium S (MS, 100 kg S·hm-2·a-1) and high S (HS, 150 kg S·hm-2·a-1) with three replicates. The experiment was initiated in April 2015. In this study, SOC and its fractions including coarse particulate organic carbon (CPOC, >250  μm), fine particulate organic carbon (FPOC, 53-250  μm) and mineral associated organic carbon (MOC, <53  μm) as well as POC/MOC ratios in surface layer (0-10 cm) and subsurface layer (10-20 cm) were determined in June, August and October of 2015, respectively. Soil temperature, humidity, pH were also measured, and the relationships between three fractions of SOC and soil environmental factors were studied through path analysis. The results showed that the contents of POC, MOC, and the ratios of POC/MOC in the surface layer were higher than those in the subsurface layer. The POC and MOC in August were significantly lower than those in June and October. In the control, the value of POC/MOC in June was lower than that in August and October in the surface soil; however, there was an opposite pattern in the subsurface soil. Sulfur deposition significantly changed the MOC but not the POC. In the surface layer, the MOC was significantly lower in the low and medium S treatments than that in the control (P<0.01). However, in the subsurface soil, the MOC was significantly greater in the high S treatment than that in the control (P<0.01). The CPOC, FPOC and MOC had a significant negative correlation with soil temperature, humidity and pH. In addition, by analyzing the responses of soil organic carbon to environment, we found that soil temperature had strong direct effects on these soil organic fractions. However, soil humidity was not the main factor affecting the POC. These results indicated that the shortterm S deposition depressed the stability of SOC in theL. principisrupprechtii plantation. More attention should be paid on the effect of temperature on SOC dynamics in longe-term study.

Key words: soil water content, maize yield., straw returning, soil physical property, subsoiling