氮添加和凋落物处理对油松-辽东栎混交林土壤氮的影响

生态学杂志

氮添加和凋落物处理对油松-辽东栎混交林土壤氮的影响

唐佐芯^1*,赵静²,孙筱璐¹,尤业明^3#br#

（¹北京林业大学森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；²张店区第六中学，山东淄博 255063；³广西大学林学院，南宁 530004）

出版日期:2018-01-10 发布日期:2018-01-10

Effects of nitrogen addition and litter manipulation on soil nitrogen in a mixed Pinus tabuliformis andQuercus wutaishanicaforest.

TANG Zuo-xin^1*, ZHAO Jing², SUN Xiao-lu¹, YOU Ye-ming^3#br#

(¹Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; ²Number Six Middle School of Zhangdian, Zibo 255063, Shandong, China; ³College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China).

Online:2018-01-10 Published:2018-01-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究采用随机区组设计，通过改变森林地表凋落物及添加不同水平的外源氮，探讨凋落物与氮添加及其交互作用对油松辽东栎（Pinus tabuliformis-Quercus wutaishanica）混交林土壤氮的影响。凋落物处理包括：剔除凋落物（Litt_nil）、枝果凋落物加倍（Litt_woody）、叶凋落物加倍（Litt_leaf）和混合凋落物加倍（Litt_mix）；氮添加量分别为0 (N₀)、5 (N₅)和10 g N·m^-2·a^-1 (N₁₀)。在处理5年后的生长季8月，采集地表0～5 cm土壤样品，测定与氮循环相关的土壤性状和微生物性状指标，包括土壤含水量、土壤pH、土壤有机碳、土壤全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、微生物生物量氮、N-乙酰-β葡萄糖苷酶、蛋白酶和脲酶。结果表明：土壤铵态氮是土壤氮素的主要存在形式，占土壤无机氮的64.53%～87.02%；氮添加和凋落物处理对土壤pH无影响，而土壤含水量、土壤全氮、土壤有机碳、土壤铵态氮、土壤无机氮、微生物生物量氮、N-乙酰-β葡萄糖苷酶均表现为在叶凋落物加倍和混合凋落物加倍处理中高于枝果凋落物加倍和剔除凋落物处理；蛋白酶和脲酶不受凋落物处理的影响；另一方面，土壤碳氮比、土壤硝态氮和脲酶受氮添加的影响显著，土壤碳氮比随着施氮水平的增加而降低，硝态氮在剔除凋落物和枝果凋落物加倍的处理中随着施氮水平的增加先增加后降低，而在叶凋落物加倍和混合凋落物加倍处理中则随着施氮水平的增加而增加；脲酶活性随施氮水平的增加先上升后下降；氮添加和凋落物处理对所测定的指标未表现出交互作用。本研究也表明，有叶凋落物输入的处理显著改善了土壤质量。

关键词: 生长, 碳氮代谢, 品质, 光质, 韭菜

Abstract: With a randomized block design by changing above-ground litter and nitrogen addition rate, we studied the main effects and interactive effects of nitrogen addition and litter manipulation on soil nitrogen in a mixedPinus tabuliformis andQuercus wutaishanica forest. Litter manipulation included complete removal of all litter (Litt_nil), double of fine woody litter (Litt_woody), double of leaf litter (Litt_leaf), and double of mixed leaf and fine woody litter (Litt_mix), and the nitrogen addition rates were 0 (N₀), 5 (N₅) and 10 g·m^-2·a^-1 (N₁₀). We collected the surface soil from 0-5 cm in growing season (August) after 5 years of treatment, analyzed the soil and microbial variables correlated with soil N, including soil water content (SWC), soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), soil total nitrogen (TN), NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^--N, microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG), protease and urease activities. The results showed that NH₄⁺-N was the main form of soil inorganic nitrogen, ranging from 64.53% to 87.02%. Nitrogen addition and litter manipulation did not change soil pH, and significantly higher SWC, TN, SOC, NH₄⁺-N, soil inorganic nitrogen, MBN, and NAG were found in the plots of Litt_leaf and Litt_mixcompared to those in the plots of Litt_woody and Litt_nil. The protease and urease activities were not influenced by litter manipulation. Furthermore, TN, NO₃^--N contents and urease activity were significantly influenced by nitrogen addition, and TN decreased with increasing nitrogen rate. NO₃^--N content increased and then decreased in Litt_nil and Litt_woody treatment, but increased with increasing nitrogen rate in Litt_leaf and Litt_mix treatment. The urease activity showed a trend of descending after ascending with increasing nitrogen rate. Moreover, there were no interactive effects between litter manipulation and nitrogen addition on any of the variables. This study also indicated that leaf litter input improved soil quality.

Key words: quality, growth, Chinese chive., carbon-nitrogen metabolism, light quality

唐佐芯,赵静,孙筱璐,尤业明. 氮添加和凋落物处理对油松-辽东栎混交林土壤氮的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

TANG Zuo-xin, ZHAO Jing, SUN Xiao-lu, YOU Ye-ming. Effects of nitrogen addition and litter manipulation on soil nitrogen in a mixed Pinus tabuliformis andQuercus wutaishanicaforest.[J]. cje.

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