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北京十渡水库浮游植物群落昼夜垂直分布特征

蓝鑫,吕靖,马靖宇,梁杭海,王海粟,杨娟*   

  1. (中国地质大学(北京)海洋学院, 北京 100083)
  • 出版日期:2017-07-10 发布日期:2017-07-10

Diel vertical distribution patterns of phytoplankton community in Shidu Reservoir, Beijing.

LAN Xin, LÜ Jing, MA Jing-yu, LIANG Hang-hai, WANG Hai-su, YANG Juan*   

  1. (School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geoscience, Beijing 100083, China).
  • Online:2017-07-10 Published:2017-07-10

摘要: 浮游植物的昼夜变化节律及垂直分布是影响水生生态系统初级生产力的重要因素,受浮游植物自生生理特点及环境影响因素的双重影响。为了解淡水生态系统浮游植物的昼夜垂直分布特征及环境影响因素,2015年4月下旬,选择北京十渡水库深水区和浅水区两个采样点,对其浮游植物群落和相关环境因子进行了一天中10:00、14:00、19:30和5:00四个时间点分层采样,并进行水样的理化检测和浮游植物样品的鉴定。结果表明:十渡水库的浮游植物垂直分布格局在深水区和浅水区有较大差异;总体上,浮游植物密度均为白天较高,且大多数种类白天有向上层集中的趋势;深水区,大多数环境因子分层格局较显著,浮游植物的垂直分布主要受温度、光照、溶解氧、氮、磷营养盐含量等因素影响,优势属微囊藻属符合蓝藻群体夜间向水表迁移的特点,可能受到光照的影响;多甲藻属大多分布于深水区水体底层,其垂直变化受控于温度、光照等因素,舟形藻属大多分布于深水区水体表层;浅水区,浮游植物垂直分布波动较大,大多数环境因子的分层不明显,脆杆藻属与TDS呈正相关,栅藻属主要受到溶解氧和水温的影响。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 根序, 细根, 刨花楠, 氮添加

Abstract: The diurnal migration rhythm and vertical pattern of phytoplankton are one of the important factors that influence the primary productivity of freshwater ecosystems, which is affected by the physiological characteristics of specific phytoplankton and the fluctuating aquatic environment. In order to understand the diurnal vertical migration characteristics of the phytoplankton and its potential constraints, an investigation on the vertical variation of phytoplankton communities was carried out for four times in one day at two sites (deep water and shallow water) of Shidu Reservoir, Beijing, in late April 2015. Physical and chemical features of water samples from the water columns were measured. Meanwhile, phytoplankton species from each layer of the water column were identified. The results showed that the vertical pattern and diurnal migration rhythm of specific algae were different between the two sites. Generally, the phytoplankton community as a whole was under high density and prone to be concentrated in the upper water layer during the daytime. In deep water, the vertical distribution and migration of phytoplankton was mainly affected by temperature, light, dissolved oxygen and nutrients. The dominant genus Microcystis migrated to the surface water at night due to the illumination. Peridinium aggregated in the deep layer, with its vertical migration mainly influenced by temperature and illumination. In contrast, Navicula dominantly concentrated in the surface layer of deep water. In shallow water, the dominant genera of algae fluctuated in a wider range than those in deep water. The relative abundance of Fragilaria was positively correlated with total dissolved solids (TDS). The distribution of Scenedesmus was mainly impacted by the dissolved oxygen and water temperature.

Key words: Machilus pauhoi, nitrogen addition, fine root, drought stress, root order