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应用碳氮稳定同位素研究贵州织金洞动物食物来源与营养级

赵璐,徐承香*,黎道洪,晏翰林   

  1. (贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550001)
  • 出版日期:2017-05-10 发布日期:2017-05-10

Food sources and trophic level of animals in Guizhou Zhijin cave by means of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes.

ZHAO Lu, XU Cheng-xiang*, LI Dao-hong, YAN Han-lin   

  1. (School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China).
  • Online:2017-05-10 Published:2017-05-10

摘要: 应用碳氮稳定同位素分析织金洞有光带动物及其有机碳源的碳、氮稳定同位素比值,探讨有机碳源对洞穴动物的贡献率和洞穴动物的营养级。结果表明:植物δ13C变化范围为(-43.46±0.06)‰~(-37.54±0.03)‰、δ15N为(0.71±0.01)‰~(2.38±0.00)‰,土壤有机质δ13C均值为(-24.99±0.01)‰,不在植物δ13C的变化区间,说明该洞植被对土壤有机质(SOM)的贡献较小,δ15N为(3.93±0.03)‰,较洞外土壤有机质δ15N低;IsoSource软件计算6种有机碳源对洞穴动物的食源贡献率得出,土壤有机质对洞穴动物(除大蚊Tipula sp.和闪夜蛾Sypna sp.外)的食源贡献率均超过60%,高于植物,说明土壤有机质是洞穴生态系统的主要食源;根据营养级的计算公式得出,该生态系统由3个营养级构成;土壤有机质为第一营养级,裸灶螽(Diestrammena sp.)、粗糙鼠妇(Pocellio scaber)、角囊马陆(Camberlinius sp.)、平顶巴蜗牛(Bradybaena strictotaenia)、长踦盲蛛(Phalangiidae sp.)、栅蛛(Hahnia sp.)等为第二营养级,果蝇(Drosophila sp.)、上野行步甲(Uenotrechus sp.)、大部分蜘蛛类群为第三营养级。

关键词: 溶解性无机碳, 湿地土壤, 养殖池塘, 互花米草

Abstract: Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were used to analyze animals’ trophic level and the contribution rates of organic carbon source in light zone of Zhijin cave, Guizhou. The results showed that the δ13C of plants ranged from (-43.46±0.06)‰ to (-37.54±0.03)‰, and δ15N ranged from (0.71±0.01)‰ to (2.38±0.00)‰. The mean of δ13C of soil organic matter (SOM) was (-24.99±0.01)‰, which showed that the contribution of the plants to SOM was small. δ15N of SOM in the light zone was (3.93±0.03)‰, being lower than that of SOM out the cave. The contribution of 6 kinds of organic carbon source to the food sources of cave animals was calculated using IsoSource, and the results showed that the mean rate of contribution of soil organic matter to cave animals (except for the food sources of Tipula sp. and Sypna sp.) was more than 60%, being higher than those from the plants, indicating that soil organic matter was the main food source of cave ecosystem. According to the calculation formula of trophic level, the ecosystem was composed of 3 trophic levels. Soil organic matter was the first trophic level, followed by Diestrammena sp., Pocellio scaber, Camberlinius sp., Bradybaena strictotaenia, Phalangiidae sp., Hahnia sp. Drosophila sp., Uenotrechus sp. and most of spider groups were the third trophic level.

Key words: wetland soil, Spartina alterniflora, aquaculture pond., dissolved inorganic carbon