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中国城市儿童血铅含量变化趋势及其影响因素

韩志轩1,2,3*,闭向阳4,郭祥义3,廖建国3#br#   

  1. (1国土资源部地球化学探测技术重点实验室, 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北廊坊 065000;2联合国教科文组织全球尺度地球化学国际研究中心, 河北廊坊 065000;3中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083;4中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院, 武汉 430074)
  • 出版日期:2017-12-10 发布日期:2017-12-10

Children blood lead levels in urban and suburban areas of China and its influencing factors.

HAN Zhi-xuan1,2,3*, BI Xiang-yang4, GUO Xiang-yi3, LIAO Jian-guo3#br#   

  1. (1Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Ministry of Land and Resources, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, Hebei, China; 2United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, International Center on Globalscale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, Hebei, China; 3School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; 4 Faculty of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China).
     
  • Online:2017-12-10 Published:2017-12-10

摘要: 为了解中国城市儿童血铅含量变化趋势及其影响因素,收集了1997—2010年166组城镇儿童血铅数据、23个土壤铅含量与25个城市年均PM10数据。统计结果显示,1997—2000年,中国儿童血铅年平均值逐年升高,平均值为98.56 μg·L-1,自2000年禁用含铅汽油之后,血铅年平均值总体呈下降趋势,2001—2010年中国儿童血铅平均值为69.61 μg·L-1。从不同省份来看,血铅含量随时间总体呈下降趋势,北京等省市已降至较低水平。相关分析表明,城市儿童血铅含量与城市土壤铅含量和大气颗粒物浓度有显著的正相关关系,城市土壤和大气颗粒物仍是儿童铅暴露的重要途径。

关键词: 土壤碳氮循环, 单萜烯, 香樟凋落叶

Abstract: To know the change of blood lead levels (BLLs) of children living in urban and suburban areas and the associated factors, BLLs data of 166 cities of China, lead concentrations in soils of 23 cities and the annual mean PM10 of 25 provincial capital cities were collected in 1997-2010. The results showed the weighted mean of BLLs was 98.56 μg·L-1 on the data of 17 articles before 2000 and 69.61 μg·L-1 on the data of 149 articles during 2001-2010. BLLs rose from 1997 to 2000, but fall down in fluctuation since 2000 when Chinese government banned the use of leaded gasoline. On the whole, BLLs declined over time across different provinces, especially in Beijing and the like. BLLs were positively associated with soil lead concentration and PM10 concentration. Urban soil and atmospheric particulates may be the main exposure of lead for children.

Key words: Cinnamomum camphora leaf litter, monoterpenes., soil carbon and nitrogen cycle