紫色土丘陵坡地恢复中土壤团聚体特征及其与土壤性质的关系

生态学杂志

紫色土丘陵坡地恢复中土壤团聚体特征及其与土壤性质的关系

杨宁^1,2,邹冬生^2*,付美云¹,杨满元¹,林仲桂^1#br#

(¹湖南环境生物职业技术学院园林学院，湖南衡阳 421005； ²湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院，长沙 410128)

出版日期:2016-09-10 发布日期:2016-09-10

Properties of soil aggregates in purple soils during re-vegetation on sloping land in relation to soil characteristics.

YANG Ning^1,2, ZOU Dong-sheng^2*, FU Mei-yun¹, YANG Man-yuan¹, LIN Zhong-gui^1#br#

(¹College of Landscape Architecture, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Bio-logy, Hengyang 421005, Hunan, China; ^2 College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China).

Online:2016-09-10 Published:2016-09-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用空间代替时间序列方法，选择立地基本相似的草本、灌草、灌丛、乔灌和乔木群落，调查了衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地不同恢复阶段土壤团聚体特征及其主要影响因子，并用典范相关分析和主成分分析对二者的相互关系进行定量分析。结果表明：随恢复进行，土壤中大粒级团聚体含量显著增加(P<0.05)，2 m土层中>5 mm粒级团聚体在土壤团粒结构中占主导地位，约占50%～80%，其次是5～2 mm含量，约占10%～15%；随土层加深，草坡、灌草和乔灌群落的团聚体总量显著减小(P<0.05)，灌丛群落，先降后增再降(P<0.05)，乔木群落，先增后减(P<0.05)。在不同恢复阶段与不同土层中，团聚体平均重量直径呈现不同变化规律，0～40 cm土层，灌丛群落团聚体平均重量直径最大(P<0.05)，40～80 cm土层，随恢复进行先增后降再增(P<0.05)，80～130和130～200 cm土层，随恢复进行而显著增加(P<0.05)。在草本、灌草和灌丛群落，团聚体平均重量直径随土层加深而显著减小(P<0.05)；乔灌和乔木群落，随土层加深先增后降(P<0.05)。典范相关分析表明，土壤有机质和全氮对>5 mm和1～0.5 mm两粒级团聚体的影响较大；Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃、<0.01 mm物理性黏粒对2～1 mm和0.5～0.25 mm两粒级团聚体的影响较大。主成分分析表明，土壤有机质、全氮、Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃是影响土壤团聚体的主要因子，其次为<0.002 mm黏粒和<0.01 mm物理性黏粒。研究表明，植被恢复可改变土壤结构，导致土壤团聚体重新分配和土壤大团聚体形成，提高土壤团聚体的稳定性。

关键词: 长期定位试验, 氮磷平衡, 生态经济效益, 有机-无机肥配施

Abstract: Five types of plots, grass (GS), frutex and grass (FG), frutex (FX), arbor and frutex (AF), and arbor (AR) communities, were selected to study the properties of soil aggregates in different revegetation stages and their main influencing factors of purple soils on sloping land in Hengyang, Hunan Province, China by using spatial series instead of time series. The five communities in purple soils on sloping land were similar in site conditions, and denoted as five different successive stages. The relationships between the properties of soil aggregates and the main influencing factors were determined by canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that the contents of large aggregates increased significantly in the process of revegetation (P<0.05); the aggregates >5 mm diameter were dominant in 0-2 m soil layer, accounting for 50%-80%, followed by the aggregates 5-2 mm diameter with a proportion of 10%-15%. With the deepening of soil layers, the sum of aggregates decreased significantly in GS, FG and AF (P<0.05), increased after a decrease and then decreased in FX (P<0.05), and increased at first and then decreased in AR (P<0.05). In different re-vegetation stages and different soil layers, mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates showed different variation patterns: in 0-40 cm soil layer, highest in FW (P<0.05); in 40-80 cm soil layer, decreased after an increase and then increased with re-vegetation (P<0.05); in 80-130 cm and 130-200 cm soil layers, increased significantly with revegetation (P<0.05). With the deepening of soil layers, MWD decreased significantly in GS, FG and FX (P<0.05), and increased at first and then decreased in AF and AR (P<0.05). CCA showed that soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (TN) had great influence on aggregates >5 mm and 1-0.5 mm, while Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃ and <0.01 mm physical clay had great influence on aggregates 2-1 mm and 0.5-0.25 mm. PCA showed that SOM, TN, Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃ were the main factors influencing soil aggregates, followed by <0.002 mm clay and <0.01 mm physical clay. Our study indicated that re-vegetation could change soil structure, leading to re-distribution of soil aggregates and formation of macro-aggregates, and therefore improving the stability of soil aggregates.

Key words: chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer application, N and P balance, long-term experiment, eco-economic benefit.

杨宁1,2,邹冬生2*,付美云1,杨满元1,林仲桂1. 紫色土丘陵坡地恢复中土壤团聚体特征及其与土壤性质的关系[J]. 生态学杂志.

YANG Ning1,2, ZOU Dong-sheng2*, FU Mei-yun1, YANG Man-yuan1, LIN Zhong-gui1. Properties of soil aggregates in purple soils during re-vegetation on sloping land in relation to soil characteristics.[J]. cje.