茶园土壤的氮迁移特性

生态学杂志

茶园土壤的氮迁移特性

王艳丹¹,杨常亮¹,薛慧²,李世玉^1*,刘彬¹,陈桂明¹,陈帅¹,袁香凝¹,杨钦清¹

(¹云南大学生态学与环境学院，昆明 650091； ²青岛大学旅游与地理科学学院，山东青岛 266071）

出版日期:2016-04-10 发布日期:2016-04-10

The migration characteristics of soil nitrogen in tea plantations.

WANG Yan-dan¹, YANG Chang-liang¹, XUE Hui², LI Shi-yu^1*, LIU Bin¹, CHEN Gui-ming¹, CHEN Shuai¹, YUAN Xiang-ning¹, YANG Qin-qing^1

(¹ School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kunming 650091, China; ² College of Tourism and Geographical Science, Qindao University, Qindao 266071, Shandong, China).

Online:2016-04-10 Published:2016-04-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤氮素在降雨条件下淋失到深层土壤甚至进入地下水，不仅导致土壤肥力下降，同时还会造成地下水污染。本研究采用原状土柱室内模拟方法，通过模拟当地强降雨淋滤，研究了西双版纳州大渡岗普洱茶产区5年、20年、33年和56年茶园以及周边森林的0～20 cm和0～40 cm土壤层TN、NO₃^--N、NH₄⁺-N和可溶性土壤有机氮（DON）的迁移变化，以及土壤pH变化对氮迁移的影响。结果表明：0～20 cm、0～40 cm土层的茶园土壤，TN迁移通量均随植茶年限的增加而增加（P<0.05），茶园年龄每延长一年，通过20 cm深的土层向下迁移下渗的TN通量将增加235.13 mg·m^-2，而通过40 cm深的土层TN迁移通量则增加151.24 mg·m^-2；0～40 cm 土层的NO₃^--N迁移通量与茶园植茶年限显著正相关（P<0.05）；0～20 cm土层的DON迁移通量与茶园植茶年限显著正相关（P<0.05）；而NH₄⁺-N迁移量不随植茶年龄变化而变化（P>0.05）；茶园40 cm土层内的TN、DON和NH₄⁺-N下渗迁移主要发生在0～20 cm，而NO₃^--N的迁移则主要发生在20～40 cm；40 cm土层的茶园土壤氮素以DON损失最多，其次为NO₃^--N，NH₄⁺-N损失量最少；未发现茶园土壤pH对氮素迁移变化产生影响（P>0.05）。

关键词: 植物修复, 硒吸收, 硒, 生物强化, 硒代谢

Abstract: Soil nitrogen migrates into deeper soil layer even into groundwater in the conditions of rainfall, which results in not only the degradation of soil fertility, but also the pollution of groundwater. In this study, soil samples of 0-20 cm and 0-40 cm depths were collected from Puer Tea plantations with different cultivation ages of 0 (i.e. forest), 5, 20, 33, and 56 years old respectively in Dadugang Town, Xishuangbanna. Undisturbed soil columns were used to study the migration characteristics of TN, NO₃^--N, NH₄⁺-N, DON and the influence of soil pH on nitrogen migration by simulating local heavy rainfalls indoors. The results showed that TN migration fluxes increased with the increase of tea planting age in the soil layers of 0-20 cm and 0-40 cm (P<0.05). The migration increased by 235.13 mg·m^-2 through 20 cm soil layer, and 151.24 mg·m^-2 through 40 cm soil layer for each additional year of tea cultivation. A significant positive correlation between NO₃^--N migration flux and cultivation age of tea plantation was observed in the layer of 20-40 cm (P<0.05), and the same pattern was found between DON migration flux and tea planting age in the layer of 0-20 cm (P<0.05). However, NH₄⁺-N loss fluxes did not change with tea planting age (P>0.05). While the migration of TN, NH₄⁺-N, DON in tea plantations occurred mainly in the layer of 0-20 cm, most of NO₃^--N migration existed in the 20-40 cm layer. The soil nitrogen mainly migrated in the form of DON through 40 cm soil layer, followed by NO₃^--N, and NH₄⁺-N the least. No evident effects of soil pH on nitrogen migration was observed in our study (P>0.05).

Key words: Se uptake, selenium, Se metabolism, Se biofortification, phytoremediation

王艳丹1,杨常亮1,薛慧2,李世玉1*,刘彬1,陈桂明1,陈帅1,袁香凝1,杨钦清1. 茶园土壤的氮迁移特性[J]. 生态学杂志.

WANG Yan-dan1, YANG Chang-liang1, XUE Hui2, LI Shi-yu1*, LIU Bin1, CHEN Gui-ming1, CHEN Shuai1, YUAN Xiang-ning1, YANG Qin-qing1. The migration characteristics of soil nitrogen in tea plantations.[J]. cje.

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