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青藏高原东北缘高寒草甸41种菊科植物种子大小与其主要营养成分含量的关系

杨慧仙,卜海燕*,葛文静,王学经,夏玉斌,马〓冰   

  1. (兰州大学生命科学学院草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 兰州 730000)
  • 出版日期:2016-03-10 发布日期:2016-03-10

The relationship between seed size and main reserve contents of seeds in 41 Asteraceae species of alpine meadow in the northeastern QinghaiTibet Plateau.

YANG Hui-xian, BU Hai-yan*, GE Wen-jing, WANG Xue-jing, XIA Yu-bin, MA Bing   

  1. (State Key Laboratory of Grassland and AgroEcosystems, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China)
  • Online:2016-03-10 Published:2016-03-10

摘要: 种子中营养物质的组成及其含量对种子的萌发及幼苗建植发挥着重要作用,其含量差异可能导致种子采取不同的萌发及幼苗生长对策。为了探讨种子中营养物质含量是否因种子大小不同而产生适应性变化,本研究以青藏高原东北缘广泛分布的41种菊科植物种子为研究材料,用索式提取法、蒽酮比色法和考马斯亮蓝G-250法分别测定了种子中主要营养成分——粗脂肪、可溶性糖、淀粉和蛋白质的含量,分析了菊科植物种子中主要营养成分含量与种子大小之间的关系,为进一步探讨高寒草甸植物在种子水平上的适应性提供理论依据。结果表明:种子中淀粉和可溶性糖含量与种子大小无显著相关性,但随着种子质量的减少,种子中蛋白质和脂肪的相对含量显著增加。大种子中淀粉和可溶性糖含量增加不显著可能是由于大种子具有较厚的种皮引起的。小种子中较高的蛋白质和脂肪含量可以帮助其幼苗快速生长,为其提供充足的能量,使小种子产生的幼苗可以获得时间和空间上的优势,以克服其较小幼苗带来的竞争劣势,这可能是适应性选择的结果。

关键词: 互花米草, 多光谱影像, 可见光影像, 植被覆盖度, 无人机

Abstract: The components and contents of nutrients in seeds play important roles in seed germination and subsequent seedling establishment; the difference in reserve contents may lead to seed take different strategies in germination and seedling growth. In this study, the relationship between main reserve contents and seed weight of 41 Asteraceae species on the northeast QinghaiTibet Plateau was analyzed, to clarify the adaptation variation of alpine plants with seed weight. The contents of crude fats, sugar and starch, and protein were determined by Soxhlet extraction, anthrone colorimetric method, and Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250. The results showed that the contents of proteins and crude fats were decreased significantly with increasing seed weight, but the contents of soluble sugar and starch had no significant correlations with seed weight. No significant change of the contents of soluble sugar and starch in larger seeds might  result from the thicker coats of larger seeds. Relatively higher percentages of fat and protein in smaller seeds might provide enough energy for faster growth of seedlings, which could help the smallerseed species to gain temporal and spatial advantages and might be a tradeoff to overcome the disadvantages of smaller seedlings produced by smaller seeds.

Key words: Spartina alterniflora, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), visible image, multi-spectral image, fractional vegetation cover