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水稻根系泌氧对土壤微生物区系及氮素矿化影响的研究进展

孙凯,胡丽燕,张伟,孟美瑶,戴传超*   

  1. (南京师范大学生命科学学院, 江苏省微生物与功能基因组学重点实验室, 江苏省微生物资源产业化工程技术研究中心, 南京 210023)
  • 出版日期:2016-12-10 发布日期:2016-12-10

Effects of rice root radial oxygen loss on soil microflora and organic nitrogen mineralization: A review.

SUN Kai, HU Li-yan, ZHANG Wei, MENG Mei-yao, DAI Chuan-chao*   

  1. (Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China).
  • Online:2016-12-10 Published:2016-12-10

摘要: 根系泌氧(radial oxygen loss, ROL)是水稻在长期淹水状况下从土壤中有效获得养分的重要机制之一,对水稻的生长发育具有重要意义。近年来,研究人员发现并阐明了水稻根系泌氧对于包括厌氧菌、好氧菌及兼性厌氧菌在内的土壤微生物种群数量和种群多样性的影响;大量研究也报道了根系泌氧能促进水稻根际土壤中有机氮的矿化。土壤有机氮矿化与土壤中的微生物区系密切相关,二者之间的相互作用进一步促进水稻对氮素营养的吸收与代谢。本文就水稻根系泌氧对土壤微生物区系和有机质矿化作用的影响进行综述,系统介绍了水稻根系泌氧可能的机理、对微生物区系的影响以及对有机氮矿化的促进作用,提出了目前水稻根系泌氧研究所面临的问题,并展望了水稻根系泌氧的研究前景。

关键词: 净初级生产力, 高程, 坡度, 光能利用率模型, SEBAL模型

Abstract: Radial oxygen loss (ROL) is one of the most important mechanisms for rice to obtain nutrients from soil when living in waterlogging environment, being quite important for rice growth and development. Recently, ROL has been demonstrated to significantly affect the population and diversity of soil microbes, including anaerobic bacteria, aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria. Meanwhile, numerous studies have reported that rice ROL plays roles in the mineralization process of soil organic nitrogen. However, the internal interactions between the mineralization of soil organic nitrogen and soil microbial dynamics at rice rhizosphere regulated by ROL have been largely ignored. In this review, we summarized the ROL traits of rice root, as well as the effects of ROL on soil microbes and organic nitrogen mineralization. We then discussed the synergistic effects of soil organic nitrogen and soil microbial dynamics on rice nitrogen absorption and metabolism. Finally, we outlined the problems and the prospects of rice ROL for further research.

Key words: slope., SEBAL model, elevation, light utility efficiency model, net primary productivity