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• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

安太堡露天煤矿不同复垦模式下草本植物优势种生态位

原野1,赵中秋1,2*,白中科1,2,王怀泉1,徐志果1,牛姝烨1#br#   

  1. 1中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院, 北京 100083; 2国土资源部土地整治重点实验室, 北京 100035)
  • 出版日期:2016-12-10 发布日期:2016-12-10

Niche characteristics of dominant herbaceous species under different land reclamation patterns in Antaibao Opencast Coal Mine.

YUAN Ye1, ZHAO Zhong-qiu1,2*, BAI Zhong-ke1,2, WANG Huai-quan1, XU Zhi-guo1, NIU Shu-ye1#br#   

  1. (1 College of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100035, China).
  • Online:2016-12-10 Published:2016-12-10

摘要: 土地复垦是露天煤矿生态系统恢复和重建的重要措施,不同土地复垦模式下草本植被群落特征不同。采用样方法对安太堡露天煤矿不同复垦模式下永久性固定样地进行草本植被调查,在群落组成和多样性分析的基础上运用生态位宽度和生态位重叠分析了不同复垦模式样地\[WⅠ(白杆+青杆+沙棘)、SⅠ(刺槐+油松)、SⅢ(刺槐+榆树+臭椿)\]草本优势种生态位特征。结果表明:研究区草本植物以菊科(Asteraceae)、禾本科(Poaceae)和豆科(Leguminosae)为主,从群落多样性角度来看,WⅠ样地物种组成最丰富。从群落演替角度来看,研究区草本植物呈现出一年生向多年生、旱生向中旱生演替的趋势。鹅观草(Roegneria kamoji)、大籽蒿(Artemisia sieversiana)、剪股颖(Agrostis matsumurae)是研究区最重要的优势种。优势种生态位宽度与重要值呈显著正相关,但各优势种在3个样地的生态位宽度和重要值差异显著。这可能与复垦模式、立地条件及种的生理、生态学特性有关。此外,研究区生态位宽度大的种间生态位重叠值较大,生态位宽度较小的种间生态位重叠值较小。

关键词: 酚酸, 磷酸酶基因, 连作人工林, 宏基因组测序, 解磷微生物

Abstract: Reclamation is a key measure to restore the damaged ecosystems in opencast coal mines, and the herbaceous communities differ among reclamation patterns in reclaimed areas. Three permanent plots with different reclamation patterns, WⅠ (Picea meyeri + Picea wilsonii + Hippophae rhamnoides), SⅠ (Robinia pseudoacacia + Pinus tabuliformis) and SⅢ (R. pseudoacacia + Ulmus pumila + Ailanthus altissima), were established to investigate niche breadth and niche overlap of dominant herb species, based on the analysis of herbaceous community composition and diversity in Antaibao Opencast Coal Mine. The results showed that Asteraceae, Poaceae and Leguminosae were the dominant herb families,  and WⅠ had the highest species diversity. As for community succession, the herbs tended to develop from annual to perennial and xerophyte to semixerophyte. Roegneria kamoji, Artemisia sieversiana, and Agrostis matsumurae had the widest niche breadth, being the most important dominant species. Niche breadth was positively related to importance value (IV); however, niche breadth and IV differed among the three plots, due to differences in reclamation patterns, site conditions and physiological properties of herb species. In addition, niche overlap value was larger between species with wider niche breadth values. On the contrary, species with narrower niche breadth values had smaller niche overlap value.

Key words: phosphatase gene., successive rotation plantation, phenolic acids, phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms, metagenome sequencing