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山西太岳山不同林龄华北落叶松林土壤微生物特性

吴然,康峰峰,韩海荣*,程小琴,周文嵩,王泺鑫,陈晶,田平   

  1. (北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083)
  • 出版日期:2016-12-10 发布日期:2016-12-10

Soil microbial properties in Larix principisrupprechtii plantations of different ages in Mt. Taiyue, Shanxi, China.

WU Ran, KANG Feng-feng, HAN Hai-rong*, CHENG Xiao-qin, ZHOU Wen-song, WANG Luo-xin, CHEN Jing, TIAN Ping   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China).
  • Online:2016-12-10 Published:2016-12-10

摘要: 本文以山西太岳山3个林龄(18、35和51年生)华北落叶松林为对象,研究其土壤微生物生物量、土壤真菌群落结构多样性特征,并利用通径分析,探讨土壤和凋落物养分含量对土壤微生物的影响。结果表明:随着华北落叶松林年龄的增加,土壤微生物生物量碳逐渐增加,微生物生物量碳占其与可溶性有机碳之和的比例也逐渐增加;土壤微生物生物量碳/氮比在51年生华北落叶松林中最大(13),约为其他两个林龄华北落叶松林的1.6倍;土壤微生物碳熵在35年生华北落叶松林中最低(1.5%),在18年生华北落叶松林中最高(2.8%)。土壤微生物生物量氮、真菌Shannon指数、土壤和凋落物碳/氮比在不同林龄华北落叶松林中的变化趋势均为35年生>18年生>51年生。通径分析结果表明,真菌群落结构多样性对土壤微生物生物量碳有较大的直接作用,凋落物自身化学组成对土壤微生物生物量氮有显著影响,土壤碳/氮比和微生物生物量碳/氮比是调控真菌群落结构多样性的直接因素。总的来说,35年生华北落叶松林的土壤有机碳活性最小,土壤碳库稳定性较好,养分状况优于另外两个林龄华北落叶松林。

关键词: 遗传结构, 檫木, 海拔, 遗传多样性

Abstract: Soil microorganisms play an important role in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Changes in litterfall and soil properties due to stand age can have important implications to soil carbon (C) and nutrient cycling via microbial pathway. Soil degradation has widely occurred in Larix principisrupprechtii plantation because of its simple forest structure; however, little is known about how soil nutrients are related to soil microbial properties. Here we determined soil microbial responses to different aged L. principisrupprechtii plantations (18-, 35-, and 51-year-old) in Taiyue Mountain of Shanxi Province. The results showed that soil microbial biomass C and the proportion of microbial biomass C to the sum of microbial biomass C and dissolved organic C increased with the increase of stand age. Soil microbial biomass C/N ratio in the 51-year-old L. principisrupprechtii plantation was the highest (13), being 60% higher than that in the 18- and 35-year-old L. principisrupprechtii plantations. The microbial carbon entropy ranged from 1.5% in the 35-year-old L. principisrupprechtii plantation to 2.8% in the 18-year-old L. principisrupprechtii plantation. Soil microbial biomass N, fungal Shannon diversity, soil and litter C/N ratios decreased in the following order: 35yearold > 18yearold > 51-year-old plantations. Fungal community structure diversity had a direct effect on soil microbial biomass C, while litter C/N had a significant effect on soil microbial biomass N, and soil and microbial biomass C/N ratios were the direct factors regulating soil fungal community structure diversity. In general, the active organic C content in the 35-year-old L. principisrupprechtii plantation was lower than those in the other two plantations, and its carbon pool was more stable and nutrient situation was better.

Key words: altitude, genetic diversity, Sassafras tsumu, genetic structure.