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桃小食心虫危害对苹果果实蛋白质含量及防御酶活性的影响

张顺益1,2,秦华伟1,门兴元1,陈珍珍2,于毅1,许永玉2*,李丽莉1*#br#   

  1. (1山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 山东省植物病毒学重点实验室, 济南 250100; 2山东农业大学植物保护学院, 山东泰安 271018)
  • 出版日期:2016-11-10 发布日期:2016-11-10

Effects of the damage by Carposina sasakii Matsumura on soluble protein content and defensive enzyme activities in apple fruits.

ZHANG Shun-yi1,2, QIN Hua-wei1, MEN Xing-yuan1, CHEN Zhen-zhen2, YU Yi1, XU Yong-yu2*, LI Li-li1*#br#   

  1. (1Key Laboratory for Plant Virology of Shandong, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; 2College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China).
  • Online:2016-11-10 Published:2016-11-10

摘要: 为探明桃小食心虫取食危害对不同品种苹果果实蛋白质含量和防御酶活性的影响,田间条件下采用人工接虫和针刺模拟危害苹果果实,处理12 d后调查果实受害程度并测定蛋白质含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,分析了果实蛀孔数与可溶性蛋白质和防御性酶活性的关系。结果表明:人工接虫后,“嘎啦”的蛀孔数显著多于“乔纳金”和“金帅”。桃小食心虫危害后苹果果实蛋白质含量变化不大,均显著低于针刺模拟处理;SOD活性显著高于针刺模拟处理(P<0.05);POD活性都显著增加,“乔纳金”、“金帅”的变化显著大于“嘎啦”;CAT活性都与对照相比无显著变化,均高于针刺模拟处理,CAT酶活性与苹果蛀孔数呈显著正相关。桃小食心虫危害可以诱导寄主产生一系列反应,蛋白质含量和应激防御酶活性均发生了变化,其中,防御性酶可能在苹果防御桃小食心虫危害中发挥着重要作用。

关键词: 重力模型, 最小费用模型, 生态网络, 生物多样性

Abstract: To clarify the effects of the damage by Carposina sasakii Matsumura on soluble protein content and defensive enzyme activities in fruits of various apple cultivars, the damage degree, soluble protein content, and SOD, POD and CAT activities in apple fruits treated with C. sasakii inoculation or artificial needling were measured after 12 days. The relationships between wormholes and the soluble protein content or defensive enzyme activities were also analyzed. The results showed that cultivar ‘Gala’ had more wormholes than cultivars ‘Jonagold’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ after C. sasakii inoculation. The protein contents induced by C. sasakii damage in all 3 cultivars were significantly lower than those by artificial needling, but there was no significant difference between the control group and the group treated by C. sasakii. The SOD activities induced by C. sasakii damage were significantly higher than those by artificial needling. The activities of POD were increased significantly, and the increments in ‘Jonagold’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ were significantly higher than those in ‘Gala’. There was no significant difference between the CAT activities in fruits damaged by C. sasakii and the control group, while both of them were higher than those by artificial needling. The CAT activities were positively associated with wormhole numbers of apple fruits. The damage by C. sasakii could induce biochemical reactions in hostplants, for example, the change of the protein contents and defensive enzymes, and the defensive enzymes in apple fruits might play an important role in defending the damage by C. sasakii.

Key words: gravity model, least cost model, ecological network, biodiversity.