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镉富集植物油菜与玉米间作对玉米吸收积累镉的影响

李志贤1*,陈章1,陈国梁1,向言词2,朱佳文3,代益帆3,邓彪3   

  1. (1湖南科技大学煤炭资源清洁利用与矿山环境保护湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 411201; 2湖南科技大学生命科学学院, 长沙 411201; 3湖南科技大学建筑与城乡规划学院, 长沙 411201)
  • 出版日期:2016-01-10 发布日期:2016-01-10

Effects of maize-rape intercropping on Cd uptake and accumulation by maize.

LI Zhi-xian1*, CHEN Zhang1, CHEN Guo-liang1, XIANG Yan-ci2, ZHU Jia-wen3, DAI Yi-fan3, DENG Biao3   

  1. (1Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Cleanutilization and Mine Environment Protection, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Changsha 411201, China; 2School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Changsha 411201, China; 3School of Architecture & Urban Planning, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Changsha 411201, China)
  • Online:2016-01-10 Published:2016-01-10

摘要: 采用室内盆栽试验,在不同镉(Cd)添加水平下(0、2、5和10 mg·kg-1,分别记为Cd0、Cd2、Cd5和Cd10),研究玉米/油菜间作对营养生长期玉米生长和吸收积累Cd的影响。结果表明:间作促进了玉米生长,除Cd2处理外,间作玉米(Cd0、Cd5、Cd10)生物量比单作高19%~50%(P<0.05);随着土壤中Cd浓度的增加,玉米各器官Cd含量也呈逐步增加的趋势,低、中浓度Cd污染条件下(Cd0、Cd2、Cd5),玉米/油菜间作可以阻控玉米地下部Cd向地上部转移,尤其是向叶转移,其中Cd2处理中间作玉米根系Cd含量与单作无显著差异,而间作玉米叶的Cd含量比单作低40%(P<0.05);Cd5处理间作玉米根系Cd含量较单作显著增加25%(P<0.05),而间作玉米叶的Cd含量较单作无显著增加;同处理间作玉米茎的Cd含量与单作间无显著差异;当土壤Cd污染浓度过高时,阻控作用会转变成促进效应,Cd10处理中间作玉米根系Cd含量与单作间无显著差异,而间作玉米叶、茎Cd含量比单作高17%、33%(P<0.05);此外,土壤低、中浓度Cd污染条件下,间作对玉米单株Cd积累量的影响不明显,而高浓度Cd污染条件下(Cd10),间作显著提高玉米单株Cd积累量(61%)(P<0.05)。因此,在低、中浓度Cd污染条件下,玉米/油菜间作对玉米吸收积累Cd有较明显的阻控效应,同时也是实现玉米安全、优质栽培的理想模式。

关键词: 植被恢复, 紫色土, 微生物群落, 衡阳, 功能多样性

Abstract: A pot experiment in greenhouse was conducted to investigate the effects of maizerape intercropping on dry matter accumulation and cadmium (Cd) uptake of maize during its vegetative growth stage under addition of four levels of Cd (0, 2, 5, and 10 mg·kg-1, denoted as Cd0, Cd2, Cd5, and Cd10, respectively). The results showed that the growth of maize was promoted by the maizerape intercropping except for Cd2 treatment, and the dry matter weight of intercropped maize (Cd0, Cd5, Cd10) was 19%-50% higher than that of monoculture (P<0.05). Cd contents in different organs of maize showed a gradually increasing trend with the increase of Cd concentration in soil. Compared to monoculture, Cd transferring from root to shoot, especially to leaves of the maize, decreased in the maizerape intercropping under lower or medium level of Cd pollution. Under Cd2 treatment, the Cd content in intercropped maize roots had no difference with monoculture, while the Cd content in intercropped maize leaves was 40% lower than that of monoculture (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the Cd content of Cd5 was 25% higher than that of monoculture (P<0.05), but no significant difference of Cd content in maize leaves was found between intercropping and monoculture, and the Cd content in maize shoot under Cd2 and Cd5 treatments had no significant difference between intercropping and monoculture. Under Cd10 treatment, Cd uptake was promoted by maizerape intercropping, where the Cd content in maize root had no significant difference between intercropping and monoculture, while the Cd content in maize shoot and leaves were increased by 17% and 33% (P<0.05) under intercropping. In addition, maize-rape intercropping had no obvious effect on Cd accumulation of maize plant in Cd0, Cd2 and Cd5 treatments whereas the Cd accumulation of maize plant under Cd10 treatment increased by 61% (P<0.05). Therefore, maize-rape intercropping had obvious blocking effect on Cd absorption and accumulation of maize under the low or medium levels of Cd pollution, and thus, maize-rape intercropping is an ideal pattern to achieve safe and high quality cultivation for maize in Cd mildly polluted soil.

Key words: re-vegetation, purple soils, Hengyang., functional diversity, microbial community