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不同亲缘关系大豆品种间种对生长及氮素利用效率的影响

肖桃艳,林威鹏,蔡昆争**   

  1. (华南农业大学农业部华南热带农业环境重点实验室, 广州 510642)
  • 出版日期:2015-08-10 发布日期:2015-08-10

Effects of intercropping soybean varieties with different kin relationships on the growth and nitrogen utilization efficiency.

XIAO Tao-yan, LIN Wei-peng, CAI Kun-zheng**   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Tropical AgroEnvironment, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China)
  • Online:2015-08-10 Published:2015-08-10

摘要: 为探究大豆不同品种间的亲缘关系对其生长和氮素吸收效率的影响,本研究选用“华夏3号(A)”、“桂早1号(B)”和“中黄24号(C)”3个亲缘关系不同的大豆(Glycine max)品种为实验材料,其中“华夏3号”为本研究的目标大豆品种,“桂早1号”为“华夏3号”的亲本之一,“中黄24号”与“华夏3号”无亲缘关系。设低氮(LN 0.6 mg·L-1)和高氮(HN 60 mg·L-1)2个氮素水平,以砂培盆栽方式培养。每盆种大豆4株,其中2株为华夏3号(A),另外2株为华夏3号(A)或桂早1号(B)或中黄24号(C),共有LNAA、LN-AB、LN-BC、HN-AA、HN-AB和HN-AC 6个处理,每个处理4个重复。结果表明:“华夏3号”与远亲缘大豆“中黄24”共同种植时其植株生物量、总根长、根体积比与近亲缘大豆“桂早1号”共存时显著增加,其中总根长、根体积在低氮处理下分别增加50%和57%,高氮处理下分别增加46%和50%;与远亲缘大豆共存时,“华夏3号”叶片硝酸还原酶活性显著增强,低氮和高氮处理分别增加56%和49%;盛花期大豆的茎叶全氮含量各处理间差异不显著,鼓粒期高氮处理下“华夏3号”与近亲缘大豆“桂早1号”共同种植的处理(HN-AB)的茎叶全氮含量显著高于与远亲缘(HN-AC)共同种植的处理,且低氮处理下也有相同趋势。研究结果表明,大豆可能具有亲缘识别的能力,且不同生育期存在差异。

关键词: 蒸腾耗水量, 液流密度, 喀斯特, 圆叶乌桕, 菜豆树

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of soybean varieties with different kin relationships on the growth and nitrogen utilization efficiency, three soybean (Glycine max) varieties with different kin relationships were selected for this intercropping experiment. Soybean variety Huaxia 3 (A) was the target variety which was intercropped separately with Huaxia 3 (A), Guizao 1 (B) which was one parent variety of Huaxia 3, or Zhonghuang 24 (C) with no close phylogenetic relationship with Huaxia 3. The experiment was conducted under low nitrogen level (LN, 0.6 mg·L-1) and high nitrogen level (HN, 60 mg·L-1) by using sand culture method. There were 4 soybean plants in each pot with two plants of A and two plants of variety A, B, or C, forming treatments LN-AA, LN-AB, LN-AC, HN-AA, HN-AB, HN-AC with four replicates for each treatment. The result showed that the plant biomass, total root length, root volume of variety A intercropped with variety C were higher than with variety B. The total root length and root volume of A increased by 50% and 57% under LN-AC than under LN-AB, and by 46% and 50% under HN-AC than under HN-AB, respectively. The nitrate reductase activity (NRA) of A was higher when intercropping with C than with B. NRA was 56% higher in LN-AC than in LN-AB and was 49% higher in HN-AC than in HN-AB. There were no significant differences among treatments in total nitrogen content of leaf and stem (NCLS) at the fullbloom stage. However, NCLS of A variety in HN-AB was significantly higher than in HN-AC at the podfilling stage. The same trend of kinship influence was observed under LN treatment at the podfilling stage. In general, kin recognition exists in soybean and the recognition ability is affected by its growth stage.

Key words: Radermachera sinica, Karst, Triadica rotundifolia, sap flow density, transpirationwater consumption.