一株快速产脂肽解淀粉芽孢杆菌的筛选及其产物特性

生态学杂志

一株快速产脂肽解淀粉芽孢杆菌的筛选及其产物特性

班允赫^1,2,张潆月^1,2,史荣久²,赵峰³,梁小龙²,韩斯琴²,张阳¹,张颖^2**

（¹沈阳师范大学，沈阳 110034； ^2中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所污染生态与环境工程重点实验室，沈阳 110016； ³ 哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室，哈尔滨 150090）

出版日期:2015-06-10 发布日期:2015-06-10

Isolation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens for rapid production of lipopeptides and its product characteristics.

BAN Yun-he^1,2, ZHANG Ying-yue^1,2, SHI Rong-jiu², ZHAO Feng³, HAN Si-qin², ZHANG Yang¹, ZHANG Ying^2**

(¹Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China; ²Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; ³State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

Online:2015-06-10 Published:2015-06-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从新疆油田采出水中筛选获得1株快速产生物表面活性剂的芽孢杆菌菌株BQ₂。16S rRNA基因序列分析显示，该菌株与解淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）的序列相似性为99%。以20 g·L^-1的葡萄糖为碳源，5 g·L^-1的NaNO₃为氮源，BQ₂在好氧条件下培养8 h即可将发酵液的表面张力由69.7 mN·m^-1降至25.9 mN·m^-1；第20～24 h，表面活性剂产量迅速增加，在第40 h达到最高产量655.4 mg·L^-1。薄层层析和红外光谱分析结果显示，BQ2的发酵产物为脂肽类生物表面活性剂。该表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度（CMC）为30 mg·L^-1，且对新疆原油等供试有机化合物具有较好的乳化活性。BQ₂发酵液在广泛的温度（20～121 ℃）、盐度（NaCl浓度为30～250 g·L^-1）和pH（4～12）条件下保持稳定活性。BQ₂产生表面活性剂迅速，产量较高，且产物环境稳定性好，在微生物采油和污染环境修复领域具有较大的应用潜力。

关键词: 磷肥阈值, 磷平衡, 磷肥利用率, 大白菜, 干旱绿洲灌区

Abstract: A bacterial strain BQ₂ that could rapidly produce lipopeptides was isolated from the production water from Xinjiang Oilfield. Phylogenetic analysis of the homoeologous 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that BQ₂ shared a 99% sequence similarity with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. When cultured with 20 g·L^-1 of glucose and 5 g·L^-1 of sodium nitrate as carbon and nitrogen sources, BQ₂ decreased the surface tension of culture medium from 69.7 mN·m^-1 to 25.9 mN·m^-1 within 8 h. The rapid increase in the production of biosurfactant occurred within 20-24 h, and the highest yield of 655.4 mg·L^-1 was detected at 40 h. Analyses from thin layer chromatography (TLC) and infrared spectroscopy (IF-TR) revealed that the biosurfactant produced by BQ₂ is lipopeptide with cyclic structure. This biosurfactant had a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 30 mg·L^-1, and showed good emulsifying activity (EI₂₄) against various organic compounds such as crude oil from Xinjiang Oilfield. The surface activity of the fermentation broth of BQ2 remained stable under a wide range of temperature (20-121 ℃), salinity
(30-250 g·L^-1 of sodium chloride), and pH (4-12), respectively. Strain BQ₂ could rapidly produce high yield biosurfactant, with a good environmental stability and this presents a possible great potential in microbial enhanced oil recovery or environmental remediation processes.

Key words: phosphorus balance, phosphorus use efficiency, Chinesecabbage, phosphorus threshold, oasis irrigation region.

班允赫1,2,张潆月1,2,史荣久2,赵峰3,梁小龙2,韩斯琴2,张阳1,张颖2**. 一株快速产脂肽解淀粉芽孢杆菌的筛选及其产物特性[J]. 生态学杂志.

BAN Yun-he1,2, ZHANG Ying-yue1,2, SHI Rong-jiu2, ZHAO Feng3, HAN Si-qin2, ZHANG Yang1, ZHANG Ying2**. Isolation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens for rapid production of lipopeptides and its product characteristics.[J]. cje.

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