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咸阳国际机场鸟类群落调查及鸟击防范措施

郑佳,贾晓东,杨兴中**   

  1. (西北大学生命科学学院, 西安 710069)
  • 出版日期:2015-06-10 发布日期:2015-06-10

Avian community and preventive measures of avoiding the accidence of bird strike around Xianyang International Airport.

ZHENG Jia, JIA Xiao-dong, YANG Xing-zhong   

  1. (College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Chian)
  • Online:2015-06-10 Published:2015-06-10

摘要: 2012年10月至2013年9月,在咸阳国际机场及周边地区,采用样带法结合固定半径样点法开展鸟类种群的野外调查。共记录到鸟类147种(包括家鸽),隶属16目34科。通过对鸟类密度、飞行高度、集群行为、是否穿越跑道及其重要值等数据进行危险等级评估。结果表明:全年潜在最危险鸟类有红隼、普通燕鸥、家鸽、家燕、白头鹎、灰椋鸟、灰喜鹊和麻雀等8种;在此基础上提出了避免鸟击的预防措施,如飞行区生态环境改造和机场飞行区范围内的鸟情动态管理。这些研究结果对咸阳国际机场预防鸟击事件的发生提供了有效的数据支撑。

关键词: 低光照, 碳酸酐酶, 光合速率, 低CO2, 坛紫菜, 叶绿素荧光

Abstract:

A field investigation of bird populations was conducted over the Xianyang International Airport and its adjacent areas by means of line transect method and fixedradius point count during October 2012 and September 2013. There were 147 species of birds (including domestic pigeon) belonging to 16 orders and 34 families recorded through direct observation in field. Bird strike hazard grade was assessed based on frequency, flying height, behavior and probability of birds flying over the runway of the airport, indicating that 8 avian species including Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), Common tern (Sterna hirundo), domestic pigeon (Aplogelia Bonaparte), Barn swallow (Hirundo rustica), Chinese Bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis), Ashy starling (Sturnus cineraceous), Magpie (Cyanopica cyanus) and Sparrow (Passer montanus) were the most dangerous for causing bird strike accidents annually. Accordingly, a series of preventive measures of avoiding bird strike accidents were proposed, including ecological and environmental reformation, dynamic management and control of the bird’s behavior around the flight zone of the airport. The results of the study would provide support for prevention of bird strike occurring around the Xianyang International Airport.
 

Key words: Pyropia haitanensis, photosynthesis rate, decreased carbon, carbonic anhydrase, chlorophyll fluorescence., lowered light