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支持物对攀援葎草分枝形态塑性和繁殖对策影响的性别差异

樊星,王大伟,刘金平**   

  1. (西华师范大学生命科学院, 四川南充 637009)
  • 出版日期:2015-06-10 发布日期:2015-06-10

Gender differences in morphological plasticity and reproductive strategy of Humulus scandens in response to different external supports.

FAN Xing, WANG Da-wei, LIU Jin-ping**   

  1. (College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China)
  • Online:2015-06-10 Published:2015-06-10

摘要: 葎草(Humulus scandens)为草本雌雄异株攀援植物,采用野生种群人为控制的方法,设置单株觅到乔木(高度 (3±0.5) m)、灌木(高度 (1±0.5) m)和无支持物3种生长方式, 测定分枝的生物量分配、形态特征和繁殖特征等指标,分析支持物对分枝形态可塑性和繁殖对策的影响,探讨雌(♀)、雄(〖XZ(15〗♂〖XZ)〗)株分枝利用支持物的性别差异。结果表明: (1)支持物对葎草的茎、叶、花穗性状具有极强的可塑性,且表现出显著的性别差异,♀株的茎性状与花性状、〖XZ(15〗♂〖XZ)〗株叶性状易受支持物的影响。(2)支持物对分枝生物量分配的影响呈显著的性别差异,♀株的分枝生物量分配差异性显著高于〖XZ(15〗♂〖XZ)〗株;随支持物增高,♀株的茎分配比显著降低,而花分配比增加,但〖XZ(15〗♂〖XZ)〗株的茎、花分配比均未受支持物的影响。(3)支持物对♀株分枝的繁殖指数和繁殖比率有极显著的影响(P<0.05),对繁殖效率指数影响较小,而〖XZ(15〗♂〖XZ)〗株则采用了相反的繁殖策略。

关键词: 纬度梯度, 常见草本, 土壤, 降雨, 生态化学计量

Abstract: Humulus scandens is dioecious climbing herb. In the present study, wild H. scandens was grown in three ways, with tree support (height 3±0.5 m), shrub support (height 1±0.5 m) and no support, via artificial control. Biomass allocation, morphological and propagation characteristics were measured for each single plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of external support on the morphological plasticity and reproduction strategies of H. scandens and the gender differences in using different external supports. The following results were observed. (1) The support significantly affected the stem, leaf and flower straits of branch and these traits showed gender differences. The stem and flower characteristics of female branches were vulnerable to the impact of external support, while leaf characteristics of male branches was vulnerable to the external support as well. (2) External supports caused significant gender difference in biomass allocation of branches. The plasticity of female plant was significantly higher than that of male plant. With increasing the height of external support, the stem biomass allocation ratio of female branches significantly decreased and its flower biomass allocation ratio increased. External supports had little effect on the flower and stem biomass allocation ratios of male branches. (3) For the female branches, external supports had a significant effect on the reproductive index and reproduction ratio (P<0.05) and a little effect on reproductive efficiency index. Male branches showed an opposite option. The external support had smaller effect on the reproductive characteristics of male plant than that of female. Thus, the female branches had higher reproductive plasticity than male branches.

Key words: latitude gradient, precipitation, ecological stoichiometry, common herbaceous plant, soil.