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弗吉尼亚栎种子萌发特性

宋以刚1,邓敏1**,王妍婷1,2   

  1. (1上海辰山植物园/中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心, 上海 201602; 2华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院, 上海 200241)
  • 出版日期:2015-05-10 发布日期:2015-05-10

Germination characteristics of Quercus virginiana seeds.

SONG Yi-gang1, DENG Min1**, WANG Yan-ting1,2   

  1. (1Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden/Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China; 2 School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)
  • Online:2015-05-10 Published:2015-05-10

摘要:

弗吉尼亚栎(Quercus virginiana)原产美国南部和东南沿海平原,是该地区硬叶阔叶林的优势树种,具有很强的耐盐性,是我国华东地区沿海防护林和园林绿化引种树种。本文研究了其种子的吸水和失水特性,盐分、温度以及播种深度对种子萌发的影响。结果表明:(1)果实的吸水和失水速率较快,果实含水量降至15%左右时种子已经失活;(2)种子萌发和幼苗阶段均有较强的耐盐能力;(3)高温和低温都不利于弗吉尼亚栎种子的萌发;(4)0~10 cm的播种深度不影响种子的萌发率,但随着播种深度的增加其萌发指数显著降低。表明,弗吉尼亚栎适合种子育苗,其萌发特性完全适应沿海地区的盐碱和沙埋等环境,有利于种群在沿海地区的更新和扩张,适于在我国亚热带海岸种植。

 

关键词: 持续干旱, 产量构成, 减产率, 干旱程度, 产量

Abstract: Quercus virginiana is a dominant tree species of sclerophyll broadleaf forest, native to the Coastal Plain of the southern and southeastern United States. Q. virginiana was introduced to eastern China coast as a coast protection forest and landscape tree species because of its high salt and wind resistance. We studied the characteristics of water uptake and water loss of the seed, as well as the effect of salinity, temperature and sowing depth on seed germination. The results showed that the water uptake and water loss of the acorn was very fast. The seeds were inactivated when the moisture content of fruit decreased to approximately 15%. The tree had high salt tolerance during the seed germination and seedling stage. Both low and high temperatures prohibited the seed germination of Q. virginiana. The sowing depth of 0-10 cm had no effect on the percentage of seed germination, but the germination index significantly decreased with the increase of sowing depth. The results indicated that raising seedlings from seeds is suitable for Q. virginiana. Seed germination of Q. virginiana adapts well to the environmental factors of saline and sand burial, benefiting its population renewal and expansion in coastal regions, and hence, Q. virginiana could be suitable for planting in subtropical coast of China.

Key words: drought degree, yield, continuous drought, yield loss, yield component