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• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

石臼湖原生动物种群分布及其同质化

郑金秀,池仕运,李聃,周连凤,胡菊香**   

  1. (水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所, 水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室, 武汉 430079)
  • 出版日期:2015-04-10 发布日期:2015-04-10

Protozoan population distribution and its homogeneity in Shijiu Lake.

ZHENG Jin-xiu, CHI Shi-yun, LI Dan, ZHOU Lian-feng, HU Ju-xiang**   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of HydraulicProjects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, China)
  • Online:2015-04-10 Published:2015-04-10

摘要: 石臼湖地处长江中下游,是国内为数不多的通江淡水湖。为探讨湖泊与入湖支流不同生境中原生动物种群结构及其相似性,于2012年平水期和枯水期分别对石臼湖及其周边入湖支流进行原生动物调查,研究河流和湖泊区域原生动物的种类组成及其季节变化,同时与同一地区的相邻湖泊固城湖作对比,通过计算相似性指数,探讨原生动物对生境同质化的响应。结果表明:调查共采集到原生动物57种,平水期种类多于枯水期;石臼湖河流区各站点原生动物相似性指数在Ⅰ~Ⅲ级之间,为完全不同轻度相似;湖区站点相似性指数在Ⅱ~Ⅳ之间,为极不相似中度相似;河流区种类季节之间的相似度极低(0.050~0.267),而湖泊区种类季节之间处于中等相似水平(0.250~0.375),说明河流区原生动物种类的季节变化较湖泊区明显,生物组成的异质性也高于湖泊;原生动物分布对水质有很好的响应关系,氮磷元素在影响原生动物种类组成和分布中起了主要作用;通过石臼湖与固城湖及长江中下游其他湖泊的对比分析,表明在一定范围内,随着生境尺度的增加,生境的同质化会提高生物同质化水平,但超过景观尺度,原生动物地域性特征逐渐显现,即使生境同质,其生物也未必同质;且随着距离的增加,不同区域的生物相似性呈降低的趋势。

关键词: 光质, 番茄, 叶绿素荧光, 光合色素, 光合特性

Abstract: Shijiu Lake is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is one of the few freshwater lakes linking to the Yangtze River. A survey was carried out in Shijiu Lake and its tributaries in autumn (normal water season) and winter (dry season) in 2012 to explore the species composition and seasonal variation of the protozoa community. At the same time, similarity index was calculated to discuss the protozoa response to habitat homogeneity by comparing with adjacent Gucheng Lake. In total, 57 species of protozoa were collected, and the species number in dry season was less than in normal water season. The similarity indexes were in the grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ among different river sampling sites, namely, the protozoa structure was completely different or mildly similar. The similarity indexes among different lake sampling sites were in the grades ⅡⅣ, being very dissimilar to moderately similar. Species in rivers were very dissimilar in different seasons (0.050-0.267), while species in lake were mildly similar (0.250-0.375). That suggested that seasonal change of protozoan species in river was more obvious than in lake, and the heterogeneity of biological composition was also higher in river than in lake. Protozoa had a good response to water quality, and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition played an important role in protozoa species composition and distribution. The comparison of Shijiu Lake with Gucheng Lake and other lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River showed that within a certain scale, habitat homogeneity would accelerate biological homogeneity with the increase of habitat scale. But beyond the landscape scale, the regional characteristics of protozoa would gradually emerge, even if habitat is in homogeneity, its biological composition may not be homogeneous. Besides, the biological similarity had a decreasing trend with the increase of distance.

Key words: light quality, tomato, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthetic characteristics