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不同混种密度下杀真菌剂对黄顶菊与反枝苋种间竞争的影响

李慧燕1,2,陈冬青1,2,王慧1,2,杨殿林1,2,皇甫超河1,2**   

  1. 1农业部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191; 2天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191)
  • 出版日期:2015-04-10 发布日期:2015-04-10

Effects of fungicide on interspecific competition between Flaveria bidentis and Amaranthus retroflexus in different planting densities.

LI Hui-yan1,2, CHEN Dong-qing1,2, WANG Hui1,2, YANG Dian-lin1,2, HUANGFU Chao-he1,2**   

  1. (1AgroEnvironmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; 2Tianjin Key Laboratory of AgroEnvironment & AgroProduct Safety, Tianjin 300191, China)
  • Online:2015-04-10 Published:2015-04-10

摘要: 为探究AM真菌共生对黄顶菊(Flaveria bidentis)与本地物种间竞争关系的影响,开展了不同种植比例条件下杀真菌剂对黄顶菊与反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus)的种间竞争试验。结果表明:黄顶菊是一种菌根真菌(AM)高度依赖性植物,杀真菌剂处理对其竞争效应产生了显著影响;在添加杀真菌剂条件下黄顶菊的相对产量在黄顶菊与反枝苋种植比例为1∶2、1∶1、2∶1条件下均<1.0,而反枝苋的相对产量均>1.0,且两者混种时的相对产量总和在黄顶菊与反枝苋种植比例为1∶2、1∶1、2∶1条件下均<1.0,这说明反枝苋相对于黄顶菊而言是一种较强的竞争者,两者需要相同的资源;不添加杀真菌剂条件下,黄顶菊植株全氮、全磷含量分别增加1.1~1.6倍和1.1~1.2倍,而反枝苋的全氮、全磷含量无明显变化;AM真菌共生可能通过菌根介导的化感互作影响外来入侵植物与土著植物竞争格局,且受外界环境条件影响,这种共生关系可以减缓外界胁迫对共生植物不利的影响。

关键词: 生殖策略, 形态学参数, 形态适应性, 鳗草

Abstract:

To examine the effects of AM fungi symbiosis on competition between Flaveria bidentis and native species, an interspecific competition experiment between F. bidentis and Amaranthus retroflexus was conducted with different planting proportions (1∶2, 1∶1, 2∶1) under the impact of fungicide. The results showed that F. bidentis is highly obligate mycotrophic, and the competition pattern depended on weather there was AM fungi symbioses. With the use of fungicide, the relative yield (RY) of F. bidentis was less than 1.0 regardless of its planting proportion, whereas that of A. retroflexus was above 1.0. Meanwhile, the relative yield total (RYT) of both species was less than 1.0 across all planting proportions. Thus, it was suggested that the F. bidentis and A. retroflexus might use the same resource and the latter was a stronger competitor. The symbiosis of AM fungi increased the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in F. bidentis plants by 1.1-1.6 times and 1.1-1.2 times, respectively. In conclusion, AM fungi symbiosis could benefit the invasion of F. bidentis by regulating the competition between invasive and native plants, possibly with potential fungalmediated chemical interaction. External environment might affect the symbiosis between F. bidentis and AM fungi, at the same time, mycohrrizal associations played significant roles in the invasion of F. bidentis by relieving the stress, such as interspecific competition.

 

Key words: reproductive strategy, morphological parameter, morphology adaptability, Zostera marina