施肥模式对设施菜地根际土壤微生物群落结构和丰度的影响

生态学杂志

施肥模式对设施菜地根际土壤微生物群落结构和丰度的影响

王亚男¹,曾希柏^1**,王玉忠²,白玲玉¹,李莲芳¹,吴翠霞¹,俄胜哲³,马世铭¹

(¹中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部农业环境重点实验室，北京 100081； ²甘肃省凉州区农业技术
推广中心，甘肃武威 733000； ^3甘肃省农科院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所，兰州 730070)

出版日期:2015-03-10 发布日期:2015-03-10

Effects of different fertilization regimes on community structure and abundance of soil microorganisms in greenhouse vegetable rhizosphere soils.

WANG Ya-nan¹, ZENG Xi-bai^1**, WANG Yu-zhong², BAI Ling-yu¹, LI Lian-fang¹, WU Cui-xia¹, E Sheng-zhe³, MA Shi-ming¹

(¹Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment and Climate Change, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Beijing 100081, China; ^2Liangzhou Center of Agricultural Technology Extension, Wuwei 733000, Gansu, China; ³Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Watersaving in Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China)

Online:2015-03-10 Published:2015-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以甘肃武威长期定位设施菜地为研究对象，设定CK(对照)、MNPK(有机肥和无机肥配施)、1/2MNPK(1/2有机肥和无机肥)、M(单有机肥)、NPK(单化肥)等5种施肥处理，采用末端限制性片段多态性分析(T-RFLP)和实时荧光定量PCR技术，研究了根际土壤中细菌、氨氧化细菌和nirK型反硝化细菌群落结构和丰度的变化。结果表明：施肥和根际效应均对设施菜地土壤中的细菌、氨氧化细菌和nirK型反硝化细菌群落结构和丰度产生影响。施肥模式影响根际细菌、氨氧化细菌和nirK型反硝化细菌的主要种群，但对不同功能微生物的影响有差异。细菌16S rRNA基因、amoA基因和nirK基因的最大丰度分别出现在M、MNPK和M处理，为每克干土6.60×10⁹、1.85×10⁸和3.49×10⁷个拷贝数，是CK处理的2.74、2.81和3.46倍。土壤pH值、有机质和全磷含量是影响设施菜地根际细菌、氨氧化细菌和nirK型反硝化细菌丰度的关键因素。

关键词: 动力学理论, 氮循环, 硝化螺菌, 氨氧化微生物

Abstract: The effects of five fertilization regimes including CK, MNPK, 1/2MNPK, M and NPK on the community structure and abundance of rhizosphere bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nirKtype denitrifying bacteria were investigated by the combination of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and realtime quantitative PCR in longterm greenhouse vegetable soils in Wuwei City, Gansu Province. The results showed that the community structure and abundance of bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nirKtype denitrifying bacteria were significantly influenced by both fertilization regimes and rhizosphere effects. Fertilization regimes changed the main populations of the rhizosphere bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nirKtype denitrifying bacteria, but their influences were discrepant in different functional microorganisms. The highest abundances of 16S rRNA gene, amoA gene and nirK gene were detected in M, MNPK and M treatments, which were 6.60×10⁹, 1.85×10⁸ and 3.49×10⁷ copy numbers per gram dry soil, and 2.74, 2.81 and 3.46 times of that in CK treatment, respectively. Soil pH, soil organic matter and total phosphorous contents were the key factors influencing the abundances of bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nirKtype denitrifying bacteria in greenhouse vegetable rhizosphere soils.

Key words: ammonia oxidizing microorganism, nitrogen cycle, Nitrospira, kinetic theory

王亚男1,曾希柏1**,王玉忠2,白玲玉1,李莲芳1,吴翠霞1,俄胜哲3,马世铭1. 施肥模式对设施菜地根际土壤微生物群落结构和丰度的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

WANG Ya-nan1, ZENG Xi-bai1**, WANG Yu-zhong2, BAI Ling-yu1, LI Lian-fang1, WU Cui-xia1, E Sheng-zhe3, MA Shi-ming1. Effects of different fertilization regimes on community structure and abundance of soil microorganisms in greenhouse vegetable rhizosphere soils.[J]. cje.

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