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不同资源维度上汾河流域下游优势种的生态位

庞春花1**,范晓1,张峰2,倪瑞军1,冯晓佳1,马晓波1   

  1. 1山西师范大学生命科学学院, 山西临汾 041004; 2山西大学生命科学学院, 太原 030006)
  • 出版日期:2015-02-07 发布日期:2015-02-07

The niches of dominant species in different resource dimensions in the lower reaches of Fenhe River, Shanxi Province of China.

PANG Chun-hua1**, FAN Xiao1, ZHANG Feng2, NI Rui-jun1, FENG Xiao-jia1, MA Xiao-bo1   

  1. (1 College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, Shanxi, China; 2 College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China)
  • Online:2015-02-07 Published:2015-02-07

摘要: 采用样方法进行不同资源位群落调查,利用Shannon生态位宽度指数和Pianka生态位重叠指数,对汾河流域下游湿地优势植物种群在土壤pH、土壤有机质、全磷、全氮、全钾5个资源维上的生态位特征进行研究。结果显示,不同种群在各个资源维上的生态位宽度差异表明对不同资源空间的利用能力和适应性不完全相同。汾河流域下游湿地优势植物主要为风花菜(Rorippa globosa)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、齿果酸模(Rumex dentatus)和扁秆藨草(Scirpus planiculmis),它们的生态位宽度都较大,且对环境有较强的适应能力;而水蓼(Polygonum hydropiper)、野艾蒿(Artemisia lavandulaefolia)、荠菜(Capsella bursapastoris)和马蔺(Iris lactea var. chinensis)的生态位宽度则相对较窄。芦苇、扁秆藨草、风花菜、齿果酸模与其他物种的生态位重叠值比较高,表明,这些物种与其他物种对资源的利用方式相近,对环境资源具有一定的竞争性。

关键词: 板栗林, 氮, 迁移, 径流, 集水区

Abstract: A field plot sampling method was employed to investigate niches of dominant species in different resource dimensions in the lower reaches of Fenhe River, Shanxi Province of China. Niche breaths and overlaps of 20 main wetland plant species along soil pH, soil SOM, total P, total N and total K were analyzed using Shannon and Pianka formulae. The differences in niche breadth of each species in different resource dimensions show that different species have different abilities to use resources, so they have different ecological adaptability. The dominant species in the region are Rorippa globosa, Phragmites australis, Rumex dentatus, and Scirpus planiculmis, and they have higher niche breadth and adaptability to environment. Polygonum hydropiper, Artemisia lavandulaefolia, Capsella bursapastoris and Iris lactea var. chinensis have lower niche breadth. The niche overlaps of P. australis, S. planiculmis, R. globosa, R. dentatus with others were relatively larger, which illustrates that these plants make a similar use of natural resources and that there is certain competition among them.

Key words: watershed, runoff, migration, Chinese chestnut forest, nitrogen