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两种生境下不同生活型植物凋落叶的持水特性

张腾达,陶建平**,王玉平   

  1. (西南大学生命科学学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室, 重庆 400715)
  • 出版日期:2014-02-10 发布日期:2014-02-10

Water-holding characteristics of leaf litter from different life-form plants in two habitats.

ZHANG Teng-da, TAO Jian-ping**, WANG Yu-ping   

  1. (School of Life Science, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Ecoenvironments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing 400715, China)
  • Online:2014-02-10 Published:2014-02-10

摘要: 以新鲜凋落叶为对象,研究了重庆石灰岩和砂岩两种生境下乔、灌、草3种生活型植物凋落叶的持水过程。结果发现:不同类型植物凋落叶的单位面积持水量与浸水时间(30 min~24 h)之间均符合对数函数关系。两种生境下凋落叶的持水速率均表现为:草本凋落叶有较大的持水速率,但维持时间较短;乔、灌木凋落叶随浸水时间的延长能保持较大的持水速率;对不同生境而言,石灰岩生境植物凋落叶的持水速率要高于砂岩生境内相同生活型凋落叶。对凋落叶的持水量比较发现,总体上石灰岩生境植物凋落叶的单位面积最大持水量(Qmax)、单位面积自然含水量(Qn)、单位面积内部持水量(Qi)均显著高于砂岩生境植物凋落叶;对相同生活型而言,石灰岩生境乔木凋落叶的QmaxQn显著大于砂岩生境,灌木凋落叶的QmaxQnQi显著大于砂岩生境,草本凋落叶各指标无显著差异。植物对不同生境的适应,使得石灰岩生境乔、灌木植物凋落叶持水速率较快,持水能力高于砂岩生境。

Abstract: Water-holding characteristics of fresh leaf litter from three plant life-forms (tree, shrub and herb) were studied in two habitats (limestone and sandstone) in Chongqing. The relationship between water-holding capacity per unit area of leaf litter and immersion time (from 30 min to 24 h) was in line with the logarithmic function model. The waterholding rates of herb leaf litter were the largest in the fast water-holding stage in the two habitats, while the water-holding rates of tree and shrub leaf litter were larger with the increase of immersion time. Leaf litter from the limestone habitat had larger water-holding rates compared to the same leaf litter from the sandstone habitat. The maximum waterholding capacity per unit area was larger for tree, shrub and total species average in the limestone habitat than in the sandstone habitat. The natural moisture contents per unit area of leaf litter for shrub, tree and total species average, as well as the inner water-holding capacities of leaf litter of shrubs and the total species average, were significantly larger in the limestone habitat than in the sandstone habitat. The above-mentioned indicators for herb leaf litter were not significantly different between the two habitats. Overall, the water-holding rates and capacity of leaf litter from the limestone habitat were higher than those from the sandstone habitat, because of the adaptation of plants to different habitats.