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内蒙古赤峰梯田土壤有机碳含量分布特征及其影响因素

李龙,姚云峰**,秦富仓   

  1. (内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院, 呼和浩特 010018)
  • 出版日期:2014-11-10 发布日期:2014-11-10

Distribution and affecting factors of soil organic carbon of terraced fields in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia. 

LI Long, YAO Yun-feng**, QIN Fu-cang   

  1. (College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)
  • Online:2014-11-10 Published:2014-11-10

摘要:

选择内蒙古赤峰市敖汉旗内水平梯田为研究对象,对不同水平梯田进行采样,分析了梯田土壤有机碳含量的垂直分布特征,以及地形因子和人类活动对其影响。结果表明: 研究区梯田1 m深土壤剖面有机碳含量在0.87~10.25 g·kg-1,平均含量为5.91 g·kg-1。不同土层间有机碳含量存在明显差异,有机碳含量随着土壤深度的增加而降低;表层土壤有机碳平均碳含量为7.54 g·kg-1,分别是中层和底层土壤有机碳含量的1.32倍和1.67倍。各层土壤有机碳含量随坡位的变化均表现为上坡位<中坡位<下坡位;不同坡向上土壤有机碳平均含量表现为阴坡>半阴坡>半阳坡>阳坡,且坡位和坡向对土壤有机碳的影响均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。人为因素对梯田土壤有机碳含量的影响主要体现在不同的耕作制度和管护措施上,秸秆还田、免耕等措施有助于提高土壤有机碳含量。
 

关键词: 氮利用率, 氮流动特征, 农场水平, 农牧结合, 华北平原

Abstract: A study was conducted to analyze the distribution of soil organic carbon of terraced fields and the effects of topographic factors and human activities in Aohan, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that the soil organic carbon content was the range of 0.87-10.25 g·kg-1 within 1 m depth of terraced area and averaged at 5.91 g·kg-1. There were significant differences in soil organic carbon content among different layers; the organic carbon content decreased with increasing the soil depth. The average content of soil organic carbon was 7.54 g·kg-1 in surface layer (0-20 cm), being 1.32 times and 1.67 times of that in the middle (20-60 cm) and bottom (60-100 cm) layers, respectively. The effects of slope position on soil organic carbon were in order of upper slope < middle slope < lower slope, and the effects of slope direction were in order of shady slope > semi-shady slope > semi-sunny slope > sunny slope.  Effects of human activities on soil organic carbon content of terraced fields were mainly embodied in the different cultivation and management measures; straw returning and no-till methods helped improve soil organic carbon content.

Key words: mixed crop-livestock system, nitrogen flow characteristic, nitrogen use efficiency, North China Plain, farm level