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采伐强度对长白山森林地上生物量和景观格局的长期影响

王敏1,2,贺红士1**,梁宇1,吴志伟1   

  1. (1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室, 沈阳 110164; 2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049)
  • 出版日期:2014-10-10 发布日期:2014-10-10

Long-term effects of harvest intensity on forest above-ground biomass and landscape pattern of Changbai Mountain.

WANG Min1,2, HE Hong-shi1**, LIANG Yu1, WU Zhi-wei1   

  1. (1State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
  • Online:2014-10-10 Published:2014-10-10

摘要:

采伐是驱动长白山森林景观变化的关键因子。本研究采用空间直观森林景观模型(LANDIS PRO 7.0)模拟长白山露水河林业局在5个不同采伐强度方案下的森林地上生物量和景观格局的长期动态变化。结果表明:1)采伐导致了树种产生不同程度的景观破碎化;2)采伐强度对森林地上生物量具有显著影响,采伐强度增大,地上生物量减小;采伐同样显著降低了不同树种的地上生物量,其中采伐对水曲柳、椴树和云杉的影响较大。因此,在模拟的前100年(2003—2103年),当采伐强度较高时,应优先采伐白桦和山杨,然后是水曲柳、云杉和椴树;当采伐强度较低时,水曲柳、云杉、椴树,白桦和山杨都可作为采伐树种。在模拟的后100年(2103—2203年),由于森林地上生物量呈现减小的变化趋势,应适当减小采伐强度,水曲柳、云杉、椴树,白桦和山杨都可作为采伐树种,从而为当地森林管理部门制定合理的管理措施提供科学的依据。
 
 

关键词: 铵盐, 硝酸盐, 同位素组成

Abstract:

Harvest is the key factor driving Changbai Mountain forest landscape changes. This paper used spatially explicit models (LANDIS PRO 7.0) to simulate the longterm dynamic changes of forest above-ground biomass and landscape pattern of Lushuihe Forestry Bureau in Changbai Mountain under five levels of harvest intensity scenarios. The results showed that: 1) harvest led to different degrees of fragmentation of tree species; 2) harvest intensity had a significant effect on forest above-ground biomass. With the increase of the harvest intensity, the above-ground biomass decreased. Harvest also significantly reduced above-ground biomass of different tree species. Moreover, harvest had a greater effect on Fraxinus mandshurica, Picea koraiensis, and Tilia amurensis. Therefore, in the early simulation period (2003-2103), when a higher harvest intensity was carried out, Betula platyphylla and Populus davidiana could be harvested firstly, followed by F. mandshurica, P. koraiensis, and T. amurensis. When a lower harvest intensity was performed, tree species
 of B. platyphylla, P. davidiana, F. mandshurica, P. koraiensis, and T. amurensis could be harvested equally. In the late simulation period (2103-2203), harvest intensity should be reduced because forest aboveground biomass showed a trend of decrease, and B. platyphylla, P. davidiana, F. mandshurica, P. koraiensis and T. amurensis can also be harvested equally. The harvest strategies can provide help for the forest administrative department to develop reasonable measures.
 

Key words: isotopic composition, nitrate, ammonium