葛洲坝下游中华鲟产卵场瓦氏黄颡鱼摄食活动的试验研究

生态学杂志

葛洲坝下游中华鲟产卵场瓦氏黄颡鱼摄食活动的试验研究

路波¹,白艳勤¹,罗佳¹,刘德富¹,石小涛^1,2,3**,陈求稳^1,2,黄应平¹

(¹ 三峡大学，三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心，湖北宜昌 443002； ² 中国科学院生态环境研究中心，北京 100085； ^3 水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室，武汉 430079)

出版日期:2013-10-10 发布日期:2013-10-10

Feeding behaviors of darkbarbel catfish (Peletobagrus vachelli Riehardson) in spawning ground of Chinese sturgeon in lower reaches of Gezhouba Dam, China: A laboratory study.

LU Bo¹, BAI Yan-qin¹, LUO Jia¹, LIU De-fu¹, SHI Xiao-tao^1,2,3**, CHEN Qiu-wen^1,2, HUANG Ying-ping¹

(¹ Engineering Research Center of Ecoenvironment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; ² Research Center for EcoEnvironmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; ³ Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulicprojects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan 430079, China)

Online:2013-10-10 Published:2013-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了中华鲟卵敌害鱼类瓦氏黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrus vachelli）的摄食偏好、游动和摄食的昼夜节律，拟为中华鲟（Acipenser sinensis)卵的自然补充资源量维持提供科学依据。试验以葛洲坝下游江段的瓦氏黄颡鱼（体长14.34±5.16 cm，体重为61.29±23.62 g）为试验对象，在自然昼夜和水温为20.6±0.5 ℃条件下进行。结果表明：试验鱼对蚯蚓、人工饲料、豆干、麦穗鱼、河虾、红薯等饵料的趋向平均百分比不存在差异，但试验鱼对各种饵料的摄食率存在显著性差异，其中摄食蚯蚓、麦穗鱼和河虾的摄食率显著高于其他3种饵料；未放置饵料下瓦氏黄颡鱼的游动活跃程度分为游动活跃期（18:00—22:00）、游动次活跃期（22:00—翌日7:00）、游动非活跃期（7:00—18:00）3个阶段，且各阶段差异极显著；放置饵料下瓦氏黄颡鱼的游动活跃程度分为游动活跃期（18:00—次日5:00）和游动非活跃期（5:00—18:00）两个阶段，且两阶段差异极显著；试验鱼摄食活跃程度分为摄食时期（17:00—翌日5:00）和非摄食时期（5:00—17:00），且两阶段差异极显著。试验表明：瓦氏黄颡鱼偏好摄食蚯蚓、麦穗鱼和河虾等活性生物饵料，且其游动和摄食属于夜间型鱼类，其游动活跃程度受饵料干扰。

关键词: 短期水分利用效率, 侧柏林, 冠层高度, 瞬时水分利用效率

Abstract: Darkbarbel catfish (Peletobagrus vachelli) is one of the major predatory fishes feeding on the eggs of Chinese sturgeon. In this paper, the wild darkbarbel catfish population (body length 14.34±5.16 cm, body mass 61.29±23.62 g) was collected from the lower reaches of Gezhouba Dam, and a laboratory experiment was conducted to study the feeding preference, locomotion, and feeding circadian rhythm of the population under the conditions of natural day/night rhythm and water temperature 20.6 ± 0.5 ℃ and with the baits of earthworm (Pheretima sp.), commercial pellet, dried tofu, fish (Pseudorasbora parva), shrimp (Macrobranchium nipponense), and sweet potato, aimed to search for the countermeasures to reduce the predation of darkbarbel catfish on the eggs of Chinese sturgeon. No significant differences were observed in the percentages of the preference to the six kinds of baits, but the feeding rate of darkbarbel catfish on earthworm, fish, and shrimp was significantly higher than that on tofu, sweet potato, and commercial pellet. Under no bait addition, the locomotion level of the darkbarbel catfish could be defined as active period (18:00-22:00), subactive period (22:00-7:00), and non-active period (7:00-18:00), with significant differences among the three periods. Under bait addition, the locomotion level of the darkbarbel catfish could be defined as activity period (18:00-5:00) and non-activity period (5:00-18:00), with significant differences between the two periods. The feeding activity level of the darkbarbel catfish was classified into feeding period (17:00-5:00) and non-feeding period (5:00-17:00), with significant differences between the two periods. It was concluded that darkbarbel catfish preferred to feed earthworm, fish, and shrimp, and the locomotion and feeding rhythms of the darkbarbel catfish were of nocturnal, with the locomotion level disturbed by baits.

Key words: canopy height, instantaneous water use efficiency, short-term water use efficiency., , Platycladus orientalis forest

路波1,白艳勤1,罗佳1,刘德富1,石小涛1,2,3**,陈求稳1,2,黄应平1. 葛洲坝下游中华鲟产卵场瓦氏黄颡鱼摄食活动的试验研究[J]. 生态学杂志.

LU Bo1, BAI Yan-qin1, LUO Jia1, LIU De-fu1, SHI Xiao-tao1,2,3**, CHEN Qiu-wen1,2, HUANG Ying-ping1. Feeding behaviors of darkbarbel catfish (Peletobagrus vachelli Riehardson) in spawning ground of Chinese sturgeon in lower reaches of Gezhouba Dam, China: A laboratory study.[J]. cje.

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