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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 1194-1201.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

长江口中华鲟自然保护区潮间带鱼类群落结构

杨刚1,2,洪巧巧1,3,张涛1,侯俊利1,智玉龙1,2,庄平1,章龙珍1**   

  1. 1农业部海洋与河口渔业资源及生态重点开放实验室, 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 上海 200090; 2上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306; 3华东理工大学, 上海  200237)
  • 出版日期:2012-05-10 发布日期:2012-05-10

Fish community structure in intertidal area of Acipenser sinensis Natural Reserve in Yangtze River estuary.

YANG Gang1,2, HONG Qiao-qiao1,3, ZHANG Tao1, HOU Jun-li1, ZHI Yu-long1,2, ZHUANG Long-zhen1**   

  1. (1Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China; 2College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 3East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China)
  • Online:2012-05-10 Published:2012-05-10

摘要: 为深入了解鱼类对潮间带水域的利用,2010年5月、8月、11月在长江口中华鲟自然保护区潮间带水域进行了插网调查。结果表明:调查期间共出现28种鱼类,隶属于10目16科,鲤形目种类最多,其次为鲈形目;群落优势种为中国花鲈(Lateolabrax maculates)、
鮻(Liza haematocheila)和窄体舌鳎(Cynoglossus gracilis);长江口中华鲟自然保护区潮间带鱼类群落可以分为河口定居鱼类、海洋偶见鱼类、降海洄游鱼类、溯河洄游鱼类、海洋洄游鱼类和淡水鱼类6种生态类群,其中河口定居鱼类和海洋洄游鱼类占据明显优势。对调查水域鱼类群落进行聚类分析,结果表明秋季和春夏季差异显著,鮻、中国花鲈、斑尾刺虾虎鱼(Acanthogobius ommaturus)是对季节差异贡献最大的3种鱼类。主成分分析结果表明,夏季鱼类群落主要受到海洋洄游鱼类的影响,而秋季主要受到河口定居鱼类的影响,这2种鱼类的幼鱼在不同季节利用潮间带水域索饵肥育可能是造成季节差异的主要原因。

关键词: QuickBird影像, 碳储量, 逐步回归

Abstract: In order to understand the utilization of intertidal water area by fishes, an investigation with fyke was conducted on the fish community structure in the intertidal area of Acipenser sinensis Natural Reserve in Yangtze River estuary in May, August and November 2010. A total of 28 fish species belonging to 16 families and 10 orders were collected, among which, Lateolabrax maculates, Liza haematocheila, and Cynoglossus gracilis were the dominant species. Cypriniformes had the largest species number, followed by Perciformes. The fish communities could be classified into 6 ecological groups, i.e., estuarine species, marine stragglers, catadromous species, anadromous species, marine migrants, and freshwater species, and the estuarine species and marine migrants took up distinct advantage. Cluster analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the fish communities in autumn and in springsummer, and L. haematocheila, L. maculates, and Acanthogobius ommaturuscontributed greatest to the seasonal difference. PCA indicated that the fish communities in summer were mainly determined by marine migrants, while those in autumn were mainly determined by estuarine species. The differences in the feeding and growth of the juveniles of the marine migrants and estuarine fishes could be the main reason for the significant seasonal difference in the fish communities in the study area.  

Key words: QuickBird image, carbon reserve, stepwise regression.