关键词: 空间分布, 生态风险评价, 表层沉积物重金属, 鸭绿江口湿地

Abstract: Neutral landscape models (NLMs) can be served as one of the important tools in landscape ecology to generate a series of patterns with similar statistic characteristics while neglecting specific ecological or physical geographical processes, providing a reference for exploring real landscape pattern. Recently, NLMs have become an increasingly important role in landscape ecology, and have been used in creating and calibrating landscape metrics and in investigating the effects of landscape patterns on population dynamics and the disturbance processes. This paper reviewed the origin, connotation, and development of NLMs, elaborated on the application of NLMs. Tthe further research should aim, to improve the complexity in the structure of NLMs for examining various real landscapes, to validate the simulation results of NLMs, and to explore the interactions between landscape pattern and processes by incorporating NLMs with other existing research methods in landscape ecology.

Key words: Yalu River estuary wetland, spatial distribution, ecological risk assessment., heavy metal in surface sediments