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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (02): 406-412.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉渡山水库生长季温室气体排放特征及其影响因素

李红丽,杨萌,张明祥,雷霆,雷光春**   

  1. 北京林业大学自然保护区学院, 北京 100083
  • 出版日期:2012-02-08 发布日期:2012-02-08

Characteristics and environmental determinants of greenhouse gas emissions from Yudushan Reservoir during growth season.

LI Hong-li, YANG Meng, ZHANG Ming-xiang, LEI Ting, LEI Guang-chun**   

  1. College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
  • Online:2012-02-08 Published:2012-02-08

摘要: 为了探讨温带水库温室气体排放规律,采用静态箱-色谱分析法,研究了温带地区库龄10年内的北京玉渡山水库生长季3种温室气体CO2、CH4及N2O排放特征,及其影响因子。结果表明:样地类型、测定月份与样地类型交互作用对3种温室气体通量影响极显著,5月消落带CO2通量(664.31 mg·m-2·h-1)达到最大,显著高于入库口和浅水区;8月消落带CH4通量(0.87 mg·m-2·h-1)及N2O通量(3.05 mg·m-2·h-1)最大;8月,切除消落带样地地上植物后,3种温室气体通量均有所降低。CO2通量与地下5 cm地温、氧化还原电位和水体总氮显著正相关,与地上生物量和水体pH显著负相关;CH4通量与地表温度、地上生物量、水体pH呈显著相关,与水体总氮和水体铵态氮显著负相关;N2O通量与水体总氮含量显著相关,与水体pH显著负相关。采取平均估值法初步推测,在生长季,水库消落带、入库口及浅水区CO2排放量依次为15960、2160、-70 kg·hm-2;CH4排放量依次2004、-7.05、14.8 kg·hm-2;N2O排放量依次83.42、3.79、-1.54 kg·hm-2;表明消落带3种温室气体的排放量均较高,为玉渡山水库3种温室气体排放的重点区域。

关键词: 植物功能性状, 微地形, 土壤养分, 物种水平, 群落水平

Abstract: Wetland can produce and store large amount of organic matters, playing a significant role in the global carbon and nitrogen cycles, and in particular, greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O) fluxes. Most of the previous studies are focused on the greenhouse gas emissions from peat lands, lakes, and crop fields, but few are targeted on reservoirs, especially those located in temperate zone. In this study, three greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) fluxes and their environmental determinants at different locations (eulittoral zone, reservoir entrance, and shallow water zone) in Yudushan Reservoir of Beijing were measured by using static opaque chamber-GC technique during the growth season (May, August, and October) in 2009 and 2010. A great variation in the greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) fluxes was observed among the sampling locations, and this variation was affected by the combined effect of sampling location and sampling month. In May, the CO2 flux in the eulittoral zone reached the highest (664.31 mg·m-2·h-1), which was significantly higher than that at the reservoir entrance and in shallow water zone. In August, the CH4 and N2O fluxes in the eulittoral zone was the highest (0.87 mg·m-2·h-1 for CH4 and 3.05 mg·m-2·h-1 for N2O), but the fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O in the zone had somewhat decrease after the vegetations above the ground were removed. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that CO2 flux was significantly positively correlated with soil temperature and redox potential at 5 cm depth and water total nitrogen content but significantly negatively correlated with above-ground biomass and water pH, CH4 flux was significantly correlated with surface soil temperature, above-ground biomass, and water pH but negatively correlated with water total nitrogen and NH4+ contents, while N2O flux was significantly correlated with water
total nitrogen content but negatively correlated with water pH. By the mean value estimation method, it was deduced that the total greenhouse gas emissions in the eulittoral zone, reservoir entrance, and shallow water zone during growth season were 15960, 2160 and -70 kg·hm-2 for CO2, 20.04, -7.05 and 14.8 kg·hm-2 for CH4, and 83.42, 3.79 and -1.54 kg·hm-2 for N2O, respectively, suggesting that the eulittoral zone was the most important zone for the greenhouse gas emissions in the Yudushan Reservoir.

Key words: plant functional trait, micro-topography, soil nutrient, species-level, community-level.