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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (02): 276-281.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

昆明地区15种常见木本植物活枝的燃烧性

李世友1,2,昌尼娜2,管晓媛2,王秋华2,舒立福1**   

  1. 1中国林科院森林生态环境与保护研究所, 国家林业局森林保护学重点实验室, 北京 100091; 2西南林业大学土木工程学院, 昆明 650224
  • 出版日期:2012-02-08 发布日期:2012-02-08

Combustion characteristics of live branches of 15 common woody plant species in Kunming, Yunnan Province.

LI Shi-you1,2, CHANG Ni-na2, GUAN Xiao-yuan2, WANG Qiu-hua2, SHU Li-fu1**   

  1. 1The Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China; 2College of Civil Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
  • Online:2012-02-08 Published:2012-02-08

摘要: 为分析比较不同植物活枝的燃烧性,在森林防火戒严期内,对昆明地区15种常见木本植物中小径级的活枝进行了热辐射引燃试验,对小径级的活枝进行了氧指数试验。在测定样品直径、含水率、引燃时间、有焰燃烧时间、试验过程中烟气温度和质量损失变化过程等基础上,提出并计算了表征活枝燃烧性能的综合燃烧特性参数S,根据该参数对15种植物中小径级活枝的燃烧性能进行了排序。结果表明,15种植物小径级的活枝均具有较强的阻燃性,燃烧性能顺序为:云南松<野八角<华山松<滇青冈<地盘松<云南樟<厚皮香<大白花杜鹃<炮状花杜鹃<云南含笑<小白花杜鹃<南烛<光叶石栎<元江栲<云南野山茶。根据氧指数及试验现象将15种植物的小径级活枝分为3类,其中难燃类4种(大白花杜鹃、野八角、厚皮香、南烛)、可燃类7种(云南含笑、云南松、地盘松、华山松、滇青冈、云南樟、云南野山茶)、较易燃类4种(小白花杜鹃、炮状花杜鹃、光叶石栎、元江栲)。分析了造成2种试验结果差异的主要原因。

关键词: 大安市, 增强型植被指数(EVI), 景观格局, 盐碱地

Abstract: To understand the live branches combustion characteristics of 15 common native woody plant species in Kunming, a thermal radiation ignition experiment with small and medium sizes branches and an oxygen index experiment with small size branches were conducted during peak forest-fire season. Based on the analysis of the sample’s diameter, moisture content, time to ignition, quenching time of flaming combustion, smoking temperature, and weight loss, an integrated combustion parameter (S) reflecting the combustion characteristics was proposed. According to the calculated S, the combustion order of the test tree species was Pinus yunnanensis < Illicium simonsii < Pinus armandii < Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides < Pinus yunnanensis var. pygmaea < Cinnamomum glanduliferum < Ternstroemia gymnanthera < Rhododendron decorum < Rhododendron spinuliferum < Michelia yunnanensis < Rhododendron siderophyllum < Lyonia ovalifolia < Lithoca mairei < Castanopsis orthacantha < Camellia pitardii. The oxygen index experiment indicated that the small size live branches of the 15 tree species all had obvious flame-retardant characteristics, of which, 4 (R. decorum, I. simonsii, T. gymnanthera, and L. ovalifolia) were difficultly inflammable, 7 (M. yunnanensis, P. yunnanensis, P. yunnanensis var. pygmaea, P. armandii, C. glaucoides, C. glanduliferum, and C. pitardii) were combustible, and 4 (R. siderophyllum, R. spinuliferum, L. mairei, and C. orthacantha) were inflammable. The reasons for the difference between the classifications derived by the two experiments were analyzed.

Key words: Da’an City, enhanced vegetation index (EVI), landscape pattern, saline-alkali land.