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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 2523-2527.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

鲤幼鱼快速启动游泳能力及电刺激参数的影响

贺晓科,曹振东,付世建   

  1. 重庆师范大学进化生理与行为学实验室, 重庆市动物生物学重点实验室, 重庆 401331
  • 出版日期:2011-11-08 发布日期:2011-11-08

Fast-start swimming performances of juvenile Cyprinus carpio and the effects of electrical stimulation parameters.

HE Xiao-ke, CAO Zhen-dong, FU Shi-jian   

  1. Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
  • Online:2011-11-08 Published:2011-11-08

摘要: 为了研究鲤(Cyprinus carpio)幼鱼快速启动游泳能力并揭示电刺激参数的影响,将90尾鲤幼鱼(体长6.47 cm ±0.09 cm;体重6.36 g±0.03 g)在水温25.0℃ ± 0.5℃的条件下分别采用4个不同的刺激场强(0.25、0.40、0.55和0.70 v·cm-1)和5个不同的刺激历时(10、50、90、130和170 ms)测定实验鱼的快速启动游泳能力。结果表明:电刺激场强由0.25 v·cm-1分别上升至0.40、0.55 v·cm-1时,第一阶段偏转角度(θs1)、第二阶段最大线性加速度(αmax)和速度(Vmax)随刺激场强的升高而显著增大(P<0.05);而当刺激场强高于0.55 v·cm-1,上述3个参数却无显著差异(P>0.05);刺激历时在10~50 ms范围内,αmaxVmax随刺激历时的延长而显著增大(P<0.05),当刺激历时长于50 ms时上述2个参数均无显著差异(P>0.05);在场强和历时分别为0.55  v·cm-1和50 ms条件下,鲤幼鱼的θs1αmaxVmax分别是(56.51±4.11) deg、(31.60±3.62) m·s-2和(1.34±0.07) m·s-1;鲤幼鱼采取“快速直线”的逃逸策略,具有较强的快速启动游泳能力,鱼类的电刺激反应受刺激参数的影响并且存在阈值。

关键词: 外来杂草, 入侵, 种间相互作用, 化感作用, 化学机制

Abstract: An ethological experiment was conducted to study the fast-start swimming performances of juvenile Cyprinus carpio and to explore how the electrical stimulation parameters affect these performances. Four stimulation field strengths (0.25, 0.40, 0.55, and 0.70 v·cm-1) and five stimulation durations (10, 50, 90, 130, and 170 ms) were installed to measure the fast-start swimming performances of ninety experimental fish with a body length of 6.47 cm ± 0.09 cm and a body weight of 6.36 g ± 0.03 g at water temperature 25.0 ℃±0.5 ℃. When the stimulation field strength raised from 0.25 v·cm-1 to 0.44 and 0.55 v·cm-1, the fish’s somersault angle at stage 1 (θs1) and the maximum linear acceleration (αmax) and maximum velocity (Vmax) at stage 2 all increased significantly (P < 0.05), while a further raise of the field strength had no significant effects on the three parameters (P>0.05). Both the αmax and the Vmax increased significantly (P<0.05) with the increase of stimulation duration from 10 to 50 ms, but had less change (P>0.05) with the further increase of the stimulion duration. When the stimulation field strength was 0.55 v·cm-1 and the stimulation duration was 50 ms, the θs1, αmax,and Vmax were (56.51 ± 4.11) deg, (31.60 ± 3.62) m·s-2, and (1.34 ± 0.07) m·s-1, respectively. This study suggested that the juvenile C. carpio exhibited a ‘fast and straight line’ escape maneuver and had stronger fast-start swimming performances, and there existed threshold values in response to the electrical stimulation parameters.

Key words: Exotic weeds, Invasion, Species interaction, Allelopathy, Chemical mechanism