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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (09): 1949-1954.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

天津盐渍化农田土壤盐分变化特征

王美丽1,2,李军1**,岳甫均3,朱兆洲1,刘小龙1,郭笑笑1,2   

  1. 1天津师范大学天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室, 天津 300387; 2天津师范大学城市与环境科学学院, 天津 300387;3中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳 55002
  • 出版日期:2011-09-08 发布日期:2011-09-08

Change characteristics of soil salt content in salinized farmlands in Tianjin.

WANG Mei-li1,2, LI Jun1**, YUE Fu-jun3, ZHU Zhao-zhou1, LIU Xiao-long1, GUO Xiao-xiao1,2   

  1. 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; 2Urban and Environmental Science College, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; 3State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
  • Online:2011-09-08 Published:2011-09-08

摘要: 通过对天津农田土壤含盐量及盐分组成的分析,研究了该区盐渍化农田盐分的组成状况和累积特征。结果表明:与蓟县背景对照土壤相比,东丽、津南和汉沽三区盐渍化农田的盐分组成均呈现很大的差异性;非盐渍化农田盐分呈表层累积特征,含盐量随土壤剖面深度的增加而减小,而盐渍化农田表层呈强烈的洗盐、脱盐现象,底层则呈明显的积盐现象;非盐渍化和盐渍化农田盐分的阴离子组成均以HCO3-为主,而阳离子组成则由无盐渍化农田的以Ca2+为主逐渐过渡到盐渍化农田的以Na+为主;盐渍化农田剖面盐分的空间变异性较强,Na+、Cl-与SO42-均为表层低深层高,且pH、残余碳酸钠(RSC)、钠吸附比(SAR)及碱化度(ESP)也均比非盐渍化农田高,并呈现出盐化和碱化同步发生的特征。

关键词: 冷水灌溉, 繁殖, 双低两用核不育水稻, 临界温度, 地下水

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the salt content and its composition in farmland soils of Tianjing, this paper studied the characteristics of the salt composition and its accumulation in the salinized farmland soils of the City. Compared with that in non-salinized soils of Jixian County, the salt composition in salinized soils of Dongli, Jinnan, and Hangu districts had obvious difference. In non-salinized soils, salt accumulated in top soil, and decreased with soil depth; while in salinized soils, desalination was obvious in topsoil whereas salt accumulation was observed in subsoil.HCO3- was the major anion in both non-salinized and salinized soils, while cations showed a significant difference between non-salinized and salinized soils. Ca2+ was the major cation in non-salinized soils, but Na+ gradually became the primary cation in salinized soils. The ion composition in salinized soil profiles had a notable spatial variation, e.g., Na+, Cl-, and SO42- had low concentrations in topsoil but high concentrations in subsoil. Moreover, the soil pH value, residual sodium carbonate content, sodium adsorption ratio, and exchangeable sodium percentage in salinized soils were higher, representing the synchro occurrence of salinization and alkalization.

Key words: Cold water irrigation, Multiplication, Rice T(P)GMS line with double low critical temperature values, Critical temperature, Underground water