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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (07): 1521-1528.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于遥感和GIS的天津建成区扩张特征及驱动力

李明财**,郭军,熊明明   

  1. 天津市气候中心,  天津 300074
  • 出版日期:2011-07-08 发布日期:2011-07-08

Expansion characteristics and its driving forces of built-up area in Tianjin based on remote sensing and GIS.

LI Ming-cai**, GUO Jun, XIONG Ming-ming   

  1. Tianjin Climate Center, Tianjin 300074, China
  • Online:2011-07-08 Published:2011-07-08

摘要: 城市地域时空扩张特征是表征城市化水平的重要测量指标。利用1987—2006年4期TM(或ETM)影像资料,获取了天津市市内六区和环城四区近20年的土地利用变化数据。结合社会经济统计数据,应用GIS空间分析方法和空间重心转移模型,分析了天津市建成区的扩张过程、扩张方向及其驱动力。结果表明:2006年天津市中心城区基本上被建设用地所占据,建设用地达到全区面积的82.0%,而环城四区建设用地也占到了24.9%;1987—2006年,天津市建成区扩张非常明显,近20年来建设用地面积增加了19.1%,2001—2006年是天津市建成区扩张最明显时期,建设用地的增加主要来自耕地和水域;1987—2006年天津建成区主要以市内六区为中心呈外向型方式扩张,但总体上空间重心转移方向为东南;经济增长是建成区扩张最重要的因素,主要源于GDP的快速增长和产业结构的调整;交通的发展对城市用地的扩展有明显的促进作用,对城市空间扩张有指向性作用;人口增加也加剧了建成区扩张,但主要通过经济的发展对建成区扩张起作用;宏观政策在很大程度上决定了天津市扩张的格局和规模。

关键词: 超富集植物, 重金属, 生理学机制, 分子生物学机制

Abstract: Spatiotemporal expansion of urban area is an important indicator for characterizing urbanization level. In this paper, the information of recent 20 years land use change in the six districts of Tianjin central urban area and four districts around the urban area was extracted by integrating four TM/ETM images from 1987 to 2006, and, combining with socio-economic statistic data and applying GIS spatial analyses and spatial gravity center transfer model, the expansion process, orientation, and driving forces of Tianjin built-up area were analyzed. In 2006, up to 82.0% of construction lands were in the central urban area of Tianjin, and near 24.9% were in the four districts around the urban area. From 1987 to 2006, the built-up area showed a large expansion, with the construction lands increased by 19.1%, and the period 2001-2006 was most evident in built-up area expansion. The increase of construction lands was dominantly from agricultural lands and water area. In recent 20 years, the expansion of Tianjin built-up area was mainly in an export-oriented way, with the six districts in central urban area as the center and an overall southeastward transfer of gravity center. Economic development, especially the rapid growth of GDP and the adjustment of industrial structure, was the most important factor controlling the expansion of the built-up area in recent 20 years. Transportation infrastructure improvement was the impetus for the built-up area expansion and partly affected the expansion orientation, population increase as a result of economy development also accelerated the expansion of the built-up area, and macroscopic policies, in a large degree, determined the expansion pattern and scale of Tianjin City.

Key words: Hyperaccumulator, Heavy metal, Physiological mechanisms, Molecular biological mechanisms