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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (03): 489-493.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

孕穗期低温对黑龙江省主栽水稻品种空壳率的影响

曲辉辉,姜丽霞,朱海霞;闫平,宫丽娟,吕佳佳,王晾晾,纪仰慧   

  1. 黑龙江省气象科学研究所| 哈尔滨 150030
  • 出版日期:2011-03-08 发布日期:2011-03-08

Effects of low temperature at booting stage on the percentage of unfilled grains of major rice varieties in Heilongjiang Province.

QU Hui-hui, JIANG Li-xia**, ZHU Hai-xia, YAN Ping, GONG Li-juan, LÜ|Jia-jia, WANG Liang-liang, JI Yang-hui   

  1. Heilongjiang Province Institute of Meteorology, Harbin 150030, China
  • Online:2011-03-08 Published:2011-03-08

摘要: 障碍型冷害对黑龙江省水稻生产影响巨大,明确主栽水稻品种耐冷性及障碍型冷害的量化指标,可为当地水稻安全生产提供科学依据。本文对黑龙江省4个主栽水稻品种(垦稻12、龙稻3号、龙稻7号和空育131)在孕穗期进行不同低温处理,分析了各处理对水稻空壳率的影响。结果表明:在平均温度为15 ℃时,孕穗期低温的持续天数是水稻形成障碍型冷害的关键因素;在低温持续时间相同的条件下,昼夜恒温15 ℃使各品种水稻受低温影响最严重;在不同低温处理条件下,不同品种水稻发生一般障碍型冷害的临界时长为1~4 d或5~8 d,发生严重障碍型冷害的临界时长为5~8 d或8 d以上,品种间临界时长有所差异;供试品种中,“垦稻12”和“龙稻3号”耐冷性较弱,“空育131”耐冷性较强,“龙稻7号”耐冷性居中。

关键词: 荒地, 土壤水分, 定位观测, 时空变化

Abstract: Sterile-type cool injury has serious impact on the rice production in Heilongjiang Province. To understand the cold tolerance of major rice varieties in the province and to define the quantitative index of sterile-type cool injury can provide scientific guidance for the local rice safety production. In this paper, four major rice varieties Kendao 12, Longdao 3, Longdao 7, and Kongyu 131 in the province were treated with different low temperatures at booting stage, and the effects of these treatments on the percentages of unfilled grains were analyzed. The results showed that when the average temperature was 15℃, the low temperature duration at booting stage was the key factor for the sterile-type cool injury of rice. Under the same durations of low temperature, the constant temperature 15℃ at day and night affected the test rice varieties most seriously. Under different low temperatures, the threshold value of slight sterile-type cool injury to the test rice varieties was 1-4 days or 5-8 days, and that of severe sterile-type cool injury was 5-8 days or more than 8 days, being varied with different varieties. Among the test four varieties, Kendao 12 and Longdao 3 had the weakest cold tolerance, Longdao 7 was medium, and Kongyu 131 was relatively stronger.

Key words: Wasteland, Soil moisture, Fixed field monitoring, Spatial and temporal change