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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (02): 304-310.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

黔中煤矿区矸石堆场周边土壤藻类群落变化及其影响因素

梁春芳,刘 方**,卜通达,凌邦元,李婷婷   

  1. 贵州大学农学院,贵阳 550025
  • 出版日期:2011-02-08 发布日期:2011-02-08

Changes of soil algal composition and their affecting factors in the periphery of gangue yard within a coal mining area in central Guizhou Province.

LIANG Chun-fang, LIU Fang**, PU Tong-da, LING Bang-yuan, LI Ting-ting   

  1. College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • Online:2011-02-08 Published:2011-02-08

摘要: 通过对贵阳市花溪区麦坪乡煤矿区矸石堆场周边土壤进行采样分析,研究了煤矸石影响下土壤藻类群落组成和生物量的变化以及生物量、物种多样性指数与土壤因子之间的相关关系。结果表明:该区自然土壤藻类共计5门43属,其中蓝藻门(Cyanophyta)13个属、绿藻门(Chlorophyta)17个属、硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)7个属。受煤矸石污染后,土壤藻类的种类和数量明显减少,污染严重区域土壤藻类中蓝藻门仅有3个属、绿藻门4个属;香浓指数与有效铁、有效锰及速效磷含量之间存在极显著的相关性;物种丰富度与pH值和速效磷含量呈显著相关。污染严重区土壤藻类叶绿素a含量比对照区减少了931%;藻类生物量与pH值呈显著正相关,与有效铁含量呈显著负相关。调查区内土壤pH值和有效铁含量是影响土壤藻类生长的重要因子。

关键词: 二化螟, 水稻, 茭白, 产卵, 寄主选择行为

Abstract: Soil samples were collected from the periphery of gangue yard within the coal mining area in Maiping township of Huaxi District, Guiyang City to study
 the changes of soil algal composition, diversity, and biomass, and their correlations with soil factors. In un-contaminated soils, the observed algae consisted of five phyla and forty-three genera, with thirteen genera of Cyanophyta, seventeen genera of Chlorophyta, and seven genera of Bacillariophyta. After the contamination of coal gangue, the richness and individual density of soil algae decreased obviously. At seriously contaminated sites, Cyanophyta only had three genera, and Chlorophyta only had four genera. The Shannon index of soil algae had significant correlations with soil available Fe, Mn, and P, while the species richness had significant correlations with soil pH and available P. The chlorophyll content of soil algae at seriously contaminated sites was decreased by 93.1%, compared with that at un-contaminated sites. The algal biomass was significantly positively correlated with soil pH and negatively correlated with soil available Fe, suggesting that soil pH and available Fe were the important factors affecting the soil algal growth in the periphery of coal gangue yard.

Key words: Chilo suppressulis, Rice, Water oat, Oviposition, Host selection behavior