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生态学杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (07): 1398-1402.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于生态水权分配的太子河河道内生态需水量计算

冯夏清1,2,章光新1**,尹雄锐1   

  1. 1中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春 130012;2中国科学院研究生院,北京100039
  • 出版日期:2010-07-08 发布日期:2010-07-08

Calculation of instream ecological water requirement of Taizi River based on the allocation of ecological water right.

FENG Xia-qing1,2, ZHANG Guang-xin1, YIN Xiong-rui1   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, China;2Graduate University of Chinese Academyof Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
  • Online:2010-07-08 Published:2010-07-08

摘要: 生态水权是流域初始水权的重要组成部分,河流生态需水量计算是流域生态水权分配和生态环境保护的依据。在对太子河实地调查研究的基础上,采用月保证率法和鱼类生境法对太子河河道内生态需水量进行了估算,并选用Tennant法对计算结果进行验证。结果表明:2种方法计算结果是合理的;根据水资源与用水现状权衡,确定出各河段最小、适宜和理想等级的生态需水量;通过河段各等级生态需水量计算结果与现状流量比较,发现各水文站现状流量基本可以满足河流最小生态需水量的要求,而适宜或理想等级的生态需水量还需要采取多种措施在河道内预留这部分水量来保证生态水权。

关键词: 森林蒸散, 模型, 能量平衡, 空气动力学

Abstract: Ecological water right is an important component of initial water rights, while ecological water requirement (EWR) is the manifestation of ecological water right. To calculate the instream EWR can provide basis for the allocation of water right and the protection of ecological environment. Based on the investigation of Taizi River, and by the monthly-guaranteed-frequency method and fish habitat method, this paper calculated the instream EWR of Taizi River, and the calculated results were verified with Tennant method. It was shown that the calculated results by the monthly-guaranteed-frequency method and fish habitat method were reasonable. According to the tradeoff between water resources and actual water use status, the minimum, medium, and ideal grades of annual EWR in different reaches were determined. Comparisons between the calculated results of different grade EWR and the measured streamflow in different reaches indicated that the measured streamflow at different hydrological stations basically satisfied the minimum grade of EWR. As for the medium and ideal grade EWR, various measures should be taken to reserve the water in the instream for the guarantee of ecological water right.

Key words: Forest evapotranspiration, Model, Energy balance, Aerodynamics