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生态学杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (03): 566-571.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

滇中地区公路沿线紫茎泽兰的分布格局及其生境因子

付登高;阎 凯;李 博;韩金保;侯秀丽;段昌群**   

  1. 云南大学环境科学与生态恢复研究所暨云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室培育基地| 昆明 650091
  • 出版日期:2010-03-10 发布日期:2010-03-10

Distribution pattern and related habitat factors of invasive plant Eupatorium adenophorum along the roadsides in central Yunnan Province, China.

FU Deng-gao;YAN Kai|LI Bo;HAN Jin-bao;HOU Xiu-li;DUAN Chang-qun   

  1. Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of BioResource of Yunnan, Institute of Environmental Science and Ecological Restoration, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
  • Online:2010-03-10 Published:2010-03-10

摘要: 选取云南楚雄境内的典型路段,根据路域特点选择4个土地覆盖类型(荒山灌草丛、云南松林、桉树人工林和次生半湿润性常绿阔叶林)作为研究对象,设置12个样带,分析了紫茎泽兰的分布格局及其生境特点。结果表明:距公路不同距离对紫茎泽兰的丛数、丛面积、株高、盖度及种子数量存在显著影响。紫茎泽兰丛数、丛面积、株高、盖度及种子雨数量均在距公路距离为5 m处达到峰值随后下降;不同土地覆盖类型对紫茎泽兰丛数、丛面积、盖度和种子数量存在显著影响,其中次生半湿润性常绿阔叶林能较好地抑制紫茎泽兰的扩散和入侵;主成分分析表明,描述紫茎泽兰生境的生态因子所含的生态信息可由3个主成分表征,即“光照及生物因子”(第1主成分)、“水热因子”(第2主成分)和“地形因子”(第3主成分)。其中紫茎泽兰盖度与乔木盖度、物种丰富度呈显著负相关,而与光照强度呈显著正相关,表明覆盖较好的自然植物群落能较好抑制紫茎泽兰的扩散和入侵。

关键词: 水稻, 适宜播期, 知识模型, 专家系统

Abstract: In order to understand the distribution pattern and related habitat factors of invasive herb Eupatorium adenophorum along the roadsides in central
 Yunnan, an investigation was made in 12 transects of four land cover types (shrubland, Pinus yunnanensis forest, Eucalyptus smithii plantation, and secondary semi-humid evergreen broadleaved forest) in Chuxiong, Yunnan Province. The investigation showed that the distance from roads had significant effects on the cluster number, cluster area, height, cover, and seed number of E. adenophorum. These five parameters reached their peaks at 5 m from the roadsides, and then declined. Land cover type also had significant effects on the cluster number, cluster area, cover, and seed number of E. adenophorum, e.g., secondary semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved forest could better inhibit the invasion and diffusion of E. adenophorum. The principal component analysis demonstrated that the entire ecological message about the habitat factors could be symbolized by three principal components, i.e., “light and biotic factors” (component 1), “water and heat” (component 2), and “topography” (component 3). The coverage of E. adenophorum was significantly negatively correlated with the coverage of trees and their species richness, and positively correlated with light intensity, suggesting that the increasing coverage of native trees under good protection could better inhibit the invasion and diffusion of E. adenophorum.

Key words: Rice, Suitable sowing date, Knowledge model, Expert system