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生态学杂志 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (09): 1684-1690.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

防护林衰退研究进展

宋立宁1,3;朱教君1,2;闫巧玲1,2   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所|沈阳 110016;2辽宁省生态公益林经营管理重点实验室|沈阳 110016;3中国科学院研究生院|北京 100039
  • 出版日期:2009-09-10 发布日期:2009-09-10

Review on the |shelter forest decline.

SONG Li-ning1,3;ZHU Jiao-jun1,2|YAN Qiao-ling1,2   

  1. 1Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China|2Liaoning Key Laboratory for Management of Nocommercial Forests| Institute of Applied Ecology| Shenyang 110016, China; 3Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
  • Online:2009-09-10 Published:2009-09-10

摘要: 森林衰退问题已成为21世纪全球环境发展的难题之一,而占中国森林总面积31%的防护林出现部分严重衰退,形势严峻。本文在广泛收集国内外相关文献的基础上,提出防护林在生长发育过程中出现的生理机能下降,因生产力、地力衰退、林分结构不合理等导致防护效能下降的状态即为防护林衰退。总结了引起防护林衰退的主要原因,包括:没有适地适树、林分结构不合理、缺乏合理的经营管理、人为干扰和频发的自然干扰等。本文从防护林衰退机理、防护林结构、经营管理、人为干扰、林种结构等方面分析了中国防护林研究存在的主要问题,建议今后应加强对防护林衰退形成过程和机制、衰退的早期诊断与评价、防护林衰退防治以及防护林宏观布局和应对干扰策略等方面的研究。

关键词: 森林生态系统, 大气边界层, 数值模拟

Abstract: Forest decline is one of the critical environmental issues in the 21st century, while the shelter forest in China, which occupies 31% of the China’s total forest area, is partly declined seriously. Based on the literature review, the shelter forest decline was defined as the reduction of shelter forest function and efficiency due to the decline of forest productivity and soil fertility and the irrational stand structure.  The major causes of shelter forest decline such as no matching tree species with site, irrational stand structure, lacking in rational management, human disturbances, and frequent natural disturbances were summarized. The main existing problems in the researches on China’s shelter forests were analyzed from the aspects of decline mechanism, stand structure, management, human disturbancs, and species composition. It was suggested that the studies on the process and mechanism of shelter forest decline, the early diagnosis and evaluation as well as the prevention of the decline, the macroscale arrangement of shelter forest, and the strategies for responding disturbances should be further studied.

Key words: Forest ecosystem, Atmosphere boundary layer, Numerical simulation