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不同光环境对红松幼苗光合生理特征的影响

孙一荣;朱教君;于立忠;闫巧玲;王凯   

  1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所清原森林生态实验站, 沈阳 110016
  • 收稿日期:2008-10-10 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-05-10 发布日期:2009-05-10

Photosynthetic characteristics of Pinus koraiensis seedlings under different light regimes.

SUN Yi-rong;ZHU Jiao-jun;YU Li-zhong;YAN Qiao-ling;WANG Kai   

  1. Qingyuan Experimental Station of Ferest Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Received:2008-10-10 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-05-10 Published:2009-05-10

摘要: 应用Li-6400P便携式光合测定系统于生长季(8月)测定了4种模拟光环境(100%、60%、30%和15%自然光强,分别记为FI、II、LI和WI)和3个实际光环境(林窗、林下和林缘,分别记为G、U和E)下3个苗龄红松(Pinus koraiensis)针叶气体交换参数和净光合速率(Pn)的日变化,以及单位叶面积叶绿素(Chl)含量和比叶质量(LMA)的变化。结果表明:3年和5年生红松在II和LI处理间的Pn基本一致,且均高于FI的Pn;7年生红松在FI处理下的Pn高于其他处理的Pn,各处理的Pn峰值均出现在13:00。3年和5年生红松在LI处理下的最大光合速率(Amax)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)均高于全光FI处理。随光强降低,LMA呈下降趋势,说明红松通过改变LMA的方式适应光环境的变化。3年和5年生红松II处理与G处理间的光合生理指标差异不显著(P>0.05),LI和WI处理与E处理间同样如此,说明光环境模拟很好地反映了实际的光环境。通过对红松针叶生理生态指标的可塑性分析,得出3种不同苗龄红松可塑性的大小顺序为3年>5年>7年。表明随树龄增大,红松的需光性增加;3年和5年生红松在全光30%~60%条件下生长较好,7年生红松则是在全光下生长最好。

关键词: 植物乙醇提取物, 小菜蛾, 生命表, 干扰作用控制指数, 种群趋势指数

Abstract: Pinus koraiensis is an ecologically important tree species in Northeast China. To explore its light adaptation characteristics and related eco-physiological mechanisms, the 3-, 5-, and 7-year old P. koraiensis seedlings were transplanted under the conditions of 100%, 60%, 30%, and 15% of full sunlight (marked as FI, II, LI, and WI, respectively), and sampled from forest gap, understory, and edge (marked as G, U and E, respectively) under actual light. The study on the changes of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll (Chl) content per unit leaf area, and specific leaf mass (LMA) showed that the Pn of 3- and 5-year old P. koraiensis in treatments II and LI was similar, and higher than that in treatment FI. 7 years old P. koraiensis had the highest Pn in treatment FI. In all treatments, P. koraiensis had a mono-peak change of Pn, with the peak at 13:00. The dark respiration rate (Rd) and maximum photosynthetic rates (Amax) of 3- and 5-year old P. koraiensis were higher in treatment LI than in treatment FI. The LMA decreased with decreasing light intensity, suggesting that P. koraiensis could effectively adapt to the changes of light condition in this way. No significant differences were observed in the photosynthetic characteristics of 3- and 5-year old P. koraiensis between treatments II and U, and between treatments LI, WI, and E, which suggested that the simulated light conditions matched well with the actual one. The plasticity index of eco-physiological parameters of 3 years old P. koraiensis was the highest. It was concluded that 1) the light requirement of P. koraiensis increased with its increasing age, 2) the optimal light condition for 3- and 5-year old P. koraiensis was 30%〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗60% of full sunlight, and that for 7 years old P. koraiensis was full sunlight, and 3) the favorable age of P. koraiensis seedlings for transplanting was 3 years old.

Key words: Plant ethanol extracts, Plutella xylostella, Life table, Interference index of population control, Index of population trend