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砷还原菌群对砷的还原作用及菌群的多样性分析

张雪霞;贾永锋;陈亮;王新;许丽英;张旭东   

  1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016
  • 收稿日期:2008-05-13 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-01-10 发布日期:2009-01-10

Arsenate reduction characteristics and diversity analysis of arsenic-reducing bacteria enriched from an arsenic contaminated soil.

ZHANG Xue-xia; JIA Yong-feng;CHEN Liang;WANG Xin;XU Li-ying;ZHANG Xu-dong   

  1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Received:2008-05-13 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-01-10 Published:2009-01-10

摘要: 从砷污染土壤中富集砷抗性细菌,在厌氧环境中进行培养,观察其对砷的还原能力。结果表明:在21 h之内,As(V)就被完全还原为As(Ⅲ);培养72 h后,培养基中出现黄色沉淀,采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDS)技术对沉淀进行分析表明,沉淀主要是以3种晶型存在的硫化砷(AsS);培养150 h后,大约有65%的As以上述沉淀的方式从溶液中移除。此外,本文还采用了构建16S rDNA文库的方式对该体系中的微生物种群进行分析,利用RFLP技术对16S rDNA片段进行分型,共得到72个操作单元类型(OTU),其中6个OTU占了库容的51%,从这6个OTU中各选取1个克隆进行测序,结果表明,富集到的砷还原细菌属于喜热菌属(Caloramator)、梭菌属(Clostridium)和杆菌属(Bacillus)。

关键词: 生物入侵, 途径和危害, 防治对策

Abstract: Arsenic (As)-resistance bacteria were enriched from an As-contaminated soil and cultured in anaerobic environment, aimed to study their arsenate reduction capability and microbial diversity. Within 21 h incubation, arsenate was completely reduced to arsenite; after 72 h incubation, yellow precipitates formed; and after 150 h incubation, about 65% of soluble arsenic was removed. SEM-EDS and XRD analyses revealed that the yellow precipitates were mainly of three kinds of AsS crystalloid. The microbial diversity in the culture was investigated by 16S rDNA-dependent molecular phylogeny, and a near-full-length 16S rDNA gene clone library was constructed. 197 clones were analyzed by using RFLP, and a total of 72 OTUs were obtained, among which, six OTUs occupied 51% of the volume. One clone from each of the six OTUs was selected for sequencing, and it was indicated that the enriched As-reducing bacteria belonged to Caloramator, Clostridium, and Bacillus.

Key words: Biological invasion, Approach and damage, Prevention measures