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四种不同类型土壤保水剂保水性能的比较

宫辛玲1,2;高军侠3;尹光华1;张自坤1,2;刘作新1   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所辽宁省节水农业重点实验室, 沈阳
    110016;2中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039;3郑州航空工业管理学院资源与环境技术研究所, 郑州 450015
  • 收稿日期:2007-06-12 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-04-10 发布日期:2008-04-10

Water conservation performance of four types of super absorbent polymer.

GONG Xin-ling1,2;GAO Jun-xia3;YIN Guang-hua1;ZHANG Zi-kun1,2;LIU Zuo-xin1   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Liaoning WaterSaving Agriculture, Institute of App
    lied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; 3Institute of Resource and Environmental Technology, Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management, Zhengzhou 450015, China
  • Received:2007-06-12 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-04-10 Published:2008-04-10

摘要: 采用室内实验和田间试验,研究了4种不同类型的保水剂在水溶液及土壤中的保水性能及其差异,分析了保水剂类型与用量对保水性能的影响、以及它们对田间土壤贮水量和玉米产量的影响。结果表明:保水剂的保水性能与剂型粒度关系密切,聚丙烯酸盐类以及粒度较小的保水剂在水溶液和土壤中具有较好的持水性能,可将水溶液中的水分蒸发速率降至对照的076和075倍。保水剂的施用存在一个最佳区间,过量或不足量施用均会降低其保水性能。保水剂对田间土壤的保水效果受作物吸收的影响,保水剂可提高玉米产量和水分利用效率(WUE),淀粉丙烯酸类聚合物的增产增效效果显著,其中海礁王(HJW)对玉米WUE的增幅高达1506%。

关键词: 野大麦, 无性系植物, 构件, 生产力, 生物量, 年龄结构

Abstract: With laboratory test and field experiment, this paper studied the water conservation performance of four types of super absorbent polymer (SAP) in deionized water and loam soil, and the effects of the type and dosage of SAP on the soil water storage and maize yield. The results showed that the water conservation performance of SAP was highly related to its type and particle size. The SAP composed of polyacrylate and with smaller particle size presented a higher water conservation capability in deionized water and loam soil, with the evaporation rate reduced to 0.76 and 0.75 times of CK. The dosage of SAP had an optimal range. Excess or scarcity would restrain the water conservation of SAP. The water conservation performance of SAP in field was affected by the water uptake by crop. Application of SAP could improve maize yield and its water use efficiency (WUE). In the test four types of SAP, starchacrylic acid graft copolymers had significant yieldincreasing effect, and HJW could increase the WUE of maize by 15.06%.

Key words: Hordeum brevisubulatum, Clone plant, Module, Productivity, Biomass, Age structure