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环境湿度和降雨对昆虫的影响

常晓娜;高慧璟;陈法军;翟保平   

  1. 南京农业大学昆虫学系昆虫信息生态学研究室, 南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2007-06-04 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-04-10 发布日期:2008-04-10

Effects of environmental moisture and precipitation on insects: A review.

CHANG Xiao-na;GAO Hui-jing;CHEN Fa-jun;ZHAI Bao-ping   

  1. The Laboratory of Insect Information Ecology, Department of Entomology, Nanji
    ng Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2007-06-04 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-04-10 Published:2008-04-10

摘要: 气候因素与害虫的个体发育和种群动态密切相关。其中,环境湿度(包括空气相对湿度和土壤含水量)变化直接导致昆虫体内含水量变化,从而打破虫体内的水分平衡,进而对其个体发育及群体发生等产生影响。降雨在影响环境湿度的同时,其物理冲刷作用也影响着昆虫田间种群发生动态。因此,研究环境湿度和降雨对昆虫的影响很有意义。本文综述了环境湿度和降雨及其它环境因子(如温度等)的联合作用对昆虫的影响,介绍了其在影响昆虫生长发育、生存、行为、生殖和种群生态学方面的研究进展,并简要介绍了环境湿度调节(如灌溉等)在调控害虫(如棉铃虫)田间种群发生方面的应用。

关键词: 海南岛, SOTER数据库, 多样性指数, 多度分布模型, 土壤化学性质, 地形, GIS空间分析

Abstract: Climatic factors are closely related to the individual’s development and growth, and the population dynamics of insect pests. Environmental moisture (including atmospheric relative humidity and soil moisture content) can directly cause the changes of insects’ water content and destroy their water balance in vivo, and consequently, affects their individual’s development and populationoccurrence. As resulting in the changes of environmental moisture, precipitation can also affects field population dynamics of insects by physically washing out. Therefore, the studies on the impacts of environmental moisture and precipitation on insects have a wider significance for the integrated pest management (IPM). This paper reviewed the impacts of environmental moisture and precipitation, as well as other environmental factors (e.g., temperature), on the growth and development, survival, behavior, reproduction, and population ecology of insects, and introduced the applied studies on the regulation of environmental moisture (e.g., via irrigation) to control the occurrences of insect pests (e.g., Helicoverpa armigera) in fields.

Key words: Hainan Island, SOTER digital databases, Diversity index, Soil chemical properties, Landforms, Abundance distribution models, GIS spatial analysis