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南方红壤丘陵区杜仲人工林产流产沙与降雨特征关系

黄志刚1,2;曹云1;欧阳志云1;李锋瑞2;李锡泉3;田育新3;王中建4;柳辉5   

  1. 1中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085; 2中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所生态与农业研究室, 兰州 730000; 3湖南省林业科学院, 长沙 410004; 4慈利县林业局, 湖南张家界 415300; 5宁夏环境监测中心站, 银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2007-03-20 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-03-10 发布日期:2008-03-10

Relationships of runoff- and sediment yield under Eucommia ulmoides plantation in hilly red soil region of South China with rainfall characteristics.

HUANG Zhi-gang1,2;CAO Yun1; OUYANG Zhi-yun1; LI Feng-rui2; LI Xi-quan3; TIAN Yu-xin3; WANG Zhong-jian4; LIU Hui5    

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; 2Department of Ecology & Agriculture, Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 3Hunan Forestry Academy, Changsha 410004, China; 4Forestry Bureau of Cili County, Zhangjiajie 415300, Hunan, China; 5 Ningxia Environmental Monitoring Center, Yinchuan 750021, China

  • Received:2007-03-20 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-03-10 Published:2008-03-10

摘要: 杜仲是我国南方红壤丘陵区重要的水土保持经济树种,为了阐明人工杜仲林地表径流和土壤侵蚀的特征及其与降雨特征的关系,2002—2005年在典型的杜仲人工林设置径流小区,进行定位观测,结果表明:1) 观测期间,研究区主要以降雨量(R)<25 mm、降雨强度(I)<5 mm·h-1的降雨为主;2) 降雨量(R)、降雨量与降雨强度的乘积(R·I)、降雨侵蚀力(R30)与土壤侵蚀量和径流均表现出极显著的线性相关关系;在对特定的降雨条件下的坡面侵蚀进行预测的时候,用R30进行预测比用R·I更接近通用土壤流失方程降雨影响因子的内涵;3) 对杜仲人工林径流深(Rd)与降雨侵蚀力(R30)的乘积(Rd·R30)与土壤侵蚀量进行拟合,结果表明,二者达到极显著线性相关性(r=0.685,P<0.01),比单一用径流进行坡面侵蚀预测更符合水蚀产沙过程。

关键词: 野生扬子鳄, 栖息地, 植被, 多样性

Abstract: Eucommia ulmoides is an important economic and soil and water conservation tree species in hilly red soil region of South China. In 2002-2005, runoff plots were installed in a typical E. ulmoides plantation to make observations, aimed to illustrate the relationships of surface runoff and soil erosion under E. ulmoides plantation with rainfall characteristics. In the observation period, the rainfall (R) and rainfall intensity (I) in most rain events were <25 mm and <5 mm·h-1, respectively, and the runoff and soil erosion showed significant linear relationships with R, R·I, and rainfall erosivity (R30). In a given rain event, R30 could be a better factor than R·I to predict slope erosion, and more approached to the connotation of Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation. The product of runoff depth (Rd) and R30,Rd·R30, had a very significant linear correlation with the soil erosion under E. ulmoides plantation (r=0.685,P<0.01), suggesting its better ability than Rd for predicting slope erosion.

Key words: Wild Chinese alligator, Habitat, Vegetation, Diversity