外来种池蝶蚌与本地种三角帆蚌及其杂交种对三种生态因子的耐受力

生态学杂志

外来种池蝶蚌与本地种三角帆蚌及其杂交种对三种生态因子的耐受力

董志国^1,2;李晓英^1,2;李家乐¹

¹上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院，上海 200090;²淮海工学院江苏省海洋生物技术重点建设实验室，江苏连云港 222005

收稿日期:2006-08-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-07-10 发布日期:2007-07-10

Tolerance of alien species Hyriopsis schlegeli, native species Hyriopsis cumingii, and their hybrids to three ecological factors.

DONG Zhi-guo^1,2; LI Xiao-ying^1,2; LI Jia-le¹

¹College of Aqua-life Science and Technology, Shanghai Fisheries University, Shanghai 200090, China;²Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, China

Received:2006-08-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-07-10 Published:2007-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探索外来种池蝶蚌引入的生态风险，对池蝶蚌(C)与三角帆蚌(S)及其杂交种正交F₁（三角帆蚌♀×池蝶蚌♂，SC）、反交F₁（池蝶蚌♀×三角帆蚌♂，CS）幼蚌的低氧、干露和重金属汞耐受力进行了比较研究。结果表明：4种幼蚌对低氧、干露和重金属汞均有不同程度的耐受能力。其中CS 的窒息点最低（0.92 mg·L^-1），对低氧的耐受力最强，其次是C和SC，窒息点分别为1.04和1.10 mg·L^-1，S窒息点最高（1.31 mg·L^-1），方差分析表明S与其它3种差异均极显著(P<0.01)，耐低氧能力最弱。C、SC和CS的干露耐受力无明显差异，但要显著强于S（P<0.01）。根据4种幼蚌72 h和96 h对汞的半致死浓度的耐受力由强至弱依次为C＞CS＞SC＞S 。表明池蝶蚌的耐受力显著强于三角帆蚌，今后应加强对池蝶蚌的监控和防范力度，以避免对中国的特有种三角帆蚌构成生存威胁。

关键词: 铝盐絮凝剂, 生态毒理, 种子发芽, 根伸长, 抑制率

Abstract: The tolerance of alien species Hyriopsis schlegeli (C), native species H. cumingii (S), and their reciprocal hybrids F₁ SC and CS to low dissolved oxygen, drying condition and heavy metal Hg was studied to evaluate the ecological risk of introducing alien species H. schlegeli. The results indicated that CS had the strongest tolerance to low dissolved oxygen, with its asphyxia point being 0.92 mg·L^-1, followed by C and SC, with their asphyxia point being 1.04 mg·L^-1 and 1.10 mg·L^-1, respectively, while S had the weakest tolerance to low dissolved oxygen, with its asphyxia point being 1.31 mg ·L^-1. In this aspect, S had significant differences (P<0.01) with the others. No significant difference was observed on the tolerance to drying condition between H. schlegeli and its reciprocal hybrids F₁, but there existed significant difference between H. cumingii and the others. The tolerance to heavy metal Hg was in the order of C＞CS ＞SC＞S, judging from the median-lethal concentration of Hg²⁺. It could be concluded that alien species H.schlegelii had a stronger tolerance than native species H. cumingii, and the inspection and precaution of H. schlegeli should be strengthened to avoid its threatening the survival of H. cumingii.

Key words: Aluminum-based coagulation, Ecotoxicology, Seed germination, Root elongation, Inhibitory rate

董志国;李晓英;李家乐. 外来种池蝶蚌与本地种三角帆蚌及其杂交种对三种生态因子的耐受力[J]. 生态学杂志.

DONG Zhi-guo^1,2; LI Xiao-ying^1,2; LI Jia-le¹. Tolerance of alien species Hyriopsis schlegeli, native species Hyriopsis cumingii, and their hybrids to three ecological factors. [J]. cje.

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