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半干旱雨养区小麦叶片光合生理生态特征及其对环境的响应

王润元1,2;杨兴国1,2;赵鸿1,2;刘宏谊1,2   

  1. 1中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,兰州 730020; 2中国气象局气候研究开放实验室, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2006-02-13 修回日期:2006-06-14 出版日期:2006-10-10 发布日期:2006-10-10

Eco-physiological characteristics of wheat leaf photosynthesis and their responses to environmental factors in semiarid rain-fed region

WANG Runyuan1,2; YANG Xingguo1,2; ZHAO Hong1,2; LIU Hongyi1,2   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;

    2Open Laboratory of Climate Research, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China

  • Received:2006-02-13 Revised:2006-06-14 Online:2006-10-10 Published:2006-10-10

摘要: 分析了黄土高原半干旱雨养农业区田间春小麦叶片光合生理生态特征及其对环境因子的响应。结果表明,天气晴朗时,净光合速率日变化呈典型的双峰曲线,有“午休"现象,上午明显高于下午,且不同生育期峰值出现的迟早不同。蒸腾速率日变化呈不明显的双峰型,其出现最大值的时间晚于净光合速率出现最大值的时间。在生长季节,叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均受到多个环境因子的共同影响。不同时期,起主导作用的环境因子不同,且同一个因子对几个生理指标的影响程度和强度都有差异,其中,光合有效辐射是对蒸腾速率影响最强烈的环境因子,湿度对光合作用的影响大于温度。受环境因子制约最为显著的生理指标是叶片的蒸腾速率和气孔导度。

关键词: 南瓜, 根系分泌物, 化感作用, 组培, 正交技术

Abstract: This paper analyzed the eco-physiological characteristics of spring wheat leaf photosynthesis in the semiarid rain-fed agriculture region of Loess Plateau, and their responses to the environmental factors. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of spring wheat leaf had a diurnal change of typical two-hump curve, which was obviously higher before noon than after noon, and with a noon break. The appearing time of maximum Pn differed with growth stages. The transpiration rate (Tr) had a diurnal change of weak two-hump curve, and the appearing time of its maximum was later than that of maximum Pn. The Pn, Tr, and stomatal conductance (Gs) were affected by a combination of various environmental factors, with the dominant factor being different at different period, and even, the same factor having different effects on Pn, Tr and Gs. Among the affecting factors,photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) had the most intensive effect on Tr, and a close relation with Pn and Tr in the whole growth period. The effect of relative humidity (RH) on Pn was larger than that of temperature. Among Pn,Tr and Gs, the last two were the eco-physiological indexes most obviously affected by environmental factors.

Key words: Cucurbita moschata, Root exudates, Allelopathy, Orthogonal design