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黄河三角洲丹顶鹤秋冬季生境选择机制

舒莹1,2;胡远满1;冷文芳1;朱书玉3;单凯3   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016; 2安徽建筑工业学院, 合肥 230023;3山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区管理局, 东营 257091
  • 收稿日期:2005-12-25 修回日期:2006-04-08 出版日期:2006-08-10 发布日期:2006-08-10

Habitat selection of redcrowned crane in Yellow River Delta

SHU Ying1,2;HU Yuanman1;LENG Wenfang1;ZHU Shuyu3;SHAN Kai3   

  1. 1Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 2Anhui Institute of Architecture and Industry, Hefei 230023, China; 3Bureau of the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve Administration, Dongying 257091, China

  • Received:2005-12-25 Revised:2006-04-08 Online:2006-08-10 Published:2006-08-10

摘要: 影响水禽生境选择要素可分为水、食物、隐蔽物和干扰4类,对其划分等级标准,确定采样点的生境类型。在研究区内分秋冬两季调查丹顶鹤(迁徙期和越冬期)生境选择机制的差异;在不同时期按区域的特点和丹顶鹤的生活习性分别选择样点;经过实地野外调查后再利用方差分析和频数对丹顶鹤生境选择机制进行研究。结果表明,迁徙期影响丹顶鹤生境选择的主要因子是干扰,最适生境为远离人类干扰、有浅水域分布的、植被覆盖率较低的地区;越冬期影响丹顶鹤生境选择的主要因子是食物,最喜欢选择人类干扰相对较小的、有水域分布的、动物性食物占主导地位的植被覆盖率较低的地区栖息。

Abstract: In this paper, the main factors affecting the habitat selection of red-crowned crane were grouped into water body, food, shelter, and disturbance, which were classified into several classes to determine the habitat type. The survey was conducted in two seasons, i.e., migration (from mid October to late November) and wintering (from first December to late January). The sampling sites were chosen based on red-crowned crane’s living behavior, and their location was designated by GPS to ensure the uniformity of their distribution. The results showed that in migration season, the main factor affecting habitat selection was disturbance, and the optimal habitat of red-crown crane had the characters of non-disturbance, shallow water body, and low vegetation cover. In wintering season, the main factor affecting habitat selection was food, and the optimal habitat of red-crown crane had the characters of non-, light- or mid-disturbance, shallow water body, abundance of flesh-food, and low vegetation cover.