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海水胁迫对向日葵苗期生长及矿质营养吸收特性的影响

寇伟锋;刘兆普;郑宏伟   

  1. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2005-09-17 修回日期:2005-12-02 出版日期:2006-05-10 发布日期:2006-05-10

Effects of seawater stress on Helianthus annuusL. seedlings growth and mineral nutrition

KOU Weifeng;LIU Zhaopu;ZHENG Hongwei   

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095, China

  • Received:2005-09-17 Revised:2005-12-02 Online:2006-05-10 Published:2006-05-10

摘要: 采用砂培法,研究了海水胁迫对向日葵幼苗生长及矿质营养吸收特性的影响。结果表明,海水胁迫下,向日葵幼苗株高、茎粗、干物重明显降低。幼苗根茎叶中Cl-,茎和叶中Mg2+、叶中Na+和Ca2+含量随海水浓度的增加而增加,根茎叶中K+、全氮和全磷含量随海水浓度升高而降低,但在10%和20%海水胁迫下,向日葵体内Na+、Cl-主要集中于根和茎中,叶中较少。海水胁迫下,向日葵幼苗各部位K+ / Na+始终是叶部最高,根部最低,且根茎叶中SK,Na值均大于1。因此,低浓度海水胁迫下向日葵幼苗对Na+ 和Cl-的截流作用、海水胁迫下幼苗根部对K+强的选择性吸收以及K+向地上部的选择性运输是向日葵具有一定耐盐性的主要原因。

关键词: 东北西部, 沙质荒漠化地区, 植被, 分类

Abstract: The study with sand culture showed that under seawater stress,the plant height,stem diameter,and dry weight of Helianthus annuusL. seedlings decreased significantly.With increasing seawater concentration,the Cl-content in root,stem and leaf,Mg2+ content in stem and leaf,and Na+ and Ca2+ contents in leaf were increased,but the K+,total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents in root,stem and leaf were decreased.Under the stress of 10% and 20% seawater,Na+ and Cl-were mainly accumulated in root and stem,but less in leaf.After treated with seawater,seedlings’leaf had the highest K+/Na+,while their root had the lowest one.The calculated SK,Na in root,stem and leaf was always higher than 1.It was speculated that the interception of Na+ and Cl-by Helianthus annuus L. seedlings at low concentration seawater,and the selective absorption of K+ over other ions by root and its consequent transportation to stem and leaf under seawater stress were the main causes for the salt tolerance of Helianthus annuusL. seedlings.

Key words: West of northeast China, Sandy desertification region, Vegetation, Classification