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吉林西部农牧互动及其引起的生态系统服务价值变化

李晓燕1,2;王宗明1;张树文1   

  1. 1中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 长春 130012;2中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039
  • 收稿日期:2005-08-30 修回日期:2005-12-15 出版日期:2006-05-10 发布日期:2006-05-10

Agro-pastoral alteration in western Jilin Province and induced variation of ecosystem service value

LI Xiaoyan1,2;WANG Zongming1;ZHANG Shuwen1   

  1. 1Institute of Northeast Geography and Agricultural Ecology,Changchun 130021 ,China; 2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100039, China

  • Received:2005-08-30 Revised:2005-12-15 Online:2006-05-10 Published:2006-05-10

摘要: 吉林西部近年来农牧变化频繁,研究其农牧互动及由此引起的生态系统服务价值变化,可以为区域生态环境保护及维持生态功能的可持续性提供科学依据。本文从土地面积、类型及重心变化三方面对吉林西部1954~2000年近50年的农牧用地互动进行了分析,并扩展现有生态系统服务价值的评估方法,对研究区耕地、草地变化中的生态系统服务价值进行了估算。结果表明,1954~2000年,吉林西部耕地增加了3.96×105 hm2,草地减少了9.07×105 hm2,草地耕地转换频繁,互动比例有所增大;两种用地类型总体重心西移,且变化方向相反。由于耕地单位面积的生态系统服务价值较低,这种变化导致区域生态系统服务价值的整体下降。由农牧业用地变化引起的生态服务价值降低了1.22×108$,其中由低覆盖度草地退化引起的价值降低量占到了71.78%。表明虽然半荒草地的生态服务价值单价不高,但大面积半荒草地的开垦和破坏仍然会对区域总体生态系统服务价值造成不可忽视的影响。

关键词: 盐胁迫, 转基因小麦, 呼吸途径

Abstract: Western Jilin Province lies in the semi-arid agro-pastoral interweaving belt (APIB),within which,agriculture and animal husbandry interplay or alternate each other frequently.To understand the alternation between arable land and grass land and its induced variation in eco-value could provide scientific basis for the protection of regional environment and the sustainability of eco-function.This paper analyzed the changes of land area,type and gravity center during 1954-2000,and calculated the ecosystem service value in the process of alteration through extending the existent evaluation method.The results showed that from 1954 to 2000,the arable land in this area increased by 3.96×105 hm2,while pastoral land decreased by 9.07×105 hm2.The frequency of alteration between arable and pastoral lands increased,and their gravity center inclined to the west.Due to the lower ecosystem service value of unit area arable land,this alternation led to an overall declination of regional ecosystem service value.The decreased value caused by the change of agricultural and pastoral lands was $ 1.22×108,accounting for 23 % of the total decreased value,among which,the degradation of lower coverage grass land occupied 71.78%.It was concluded that the extensive reclaimation of sparse grass land would still bring out an un-negligible impact on regional environment,despite the lower eco-value of this land.

Key words: Salt stress, Transgenic wheat, Respiration pathway